Viability of renewable energies and industrialization of rural areas using high-performance concrete

Abstract

In the Tropics, the two biggest sources of renewable energy are the intermittent thermal solar and biomass, which is limited by the occupation of large areas. Highperformance concrete (HPC) allows construction of thermal solar parabolic collectors (TSPC), which collect 70% of the incident radiation for preheating and evaporating feed water of a Rankine thermoelectric unit whose steam is superheated in a biomass-fired boiler. HPC also allows economical fabrication of stakes, planks to retain rainwater in soil level curves and U-, L-, I-structural profiles to construct riparian tanks to be used for grass irrigation during the dry season increasing biomass production up to 60 tons of dry biomass per hectare per year. Simultaneously soil and fertilizer are recycled recovering degraded bare hills that occupy 1/3 of Brazilian territory. Integration of thermal solar and biomass is complemented with the production of animal protein (cattle, free-range chicken, and fish); anaerobic digester of biomass inoculated with animal deject generates biogas that is washed to vehicular methane gas replacing fossil fuels. Availability of energy (electrical, thermal, and vehicular), water and space below TSPC area promotes transference of urban industries to rural areas.

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“…With small scale industrialization means the skills/mind of indigenous or local experts in processing will be fully involved. That means to ensure that employment opportunities are propounded then the government should promotes for small scale processing industries as it is with small industries which involve local people will be exercising their specialization in hundred percent different from large scale industries of which many of them may be run by foreigners and use strong machinery which replaces the indigenous labor force [6]. The level of growth in small scale industries in Tanzania is low to about 9% (National Bureau of Statistics, 2019).…”

Electrical Energy for Rural, Small Scale and Value Creation Industrialization in Mbozi District-Songwe, Tanzania

“…Rural processing industries need electrical energy for running machinery used in conversion process, heating and lighting [5]. Egg incubation, milk preservation and fermentation industries in rural areas require steady electrical energy [6]. The vegetables, fruits and other perishable goods need steady refrigerated electrical running machinery [7].…”