Viability Testing of Orchid Seed and the Promotion of Colouration and Germination

Vujanovic, Vladimir; St‐Arnaud, Marc; Barabé, Denis; Thibeault, Geneviève

doi:10.1006/anbo.2000.1162

Cited by 175 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…3). Results from a TTC test should be interpreted with caution, as the test is sensitive to variation in the permeability of the seed coat (Vujanovic et al 2000). However, all seeds from 2004 were chilled in our experiments, which should potentially increase the viability percentage compared to those that did not.…”

Section: Germination In Situ and Consequences For Population Inputmentioning

confidence: 98%

Germination Ecology of the Boreal-Alpine Terrestrial OrchidDactylorhiza lapponica(Orchidaceae)

Øien

O’Neill

Whigham

et al. 2008

Annales Botanici Fennici

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In order to reveal some of the germination requirements of the boreal-alpine terrestrial orchid Dactylorhiza lapponica, several experiments were carried out on seeds collected from the Sølendet nature reserve, central Norway. Seeds were sown in seed packets made of nylon cloth and deployed in situ vertically in the peat in order to study the temporal pattern of seed germination and determine if the seeds became part of the soil seed bank. In vitro germination experiments were carried out varying the growth media, fungal partner and chilling treatment, in order to study the effect of a fungal symbiont on germination and early protocorm development, and the possibility of a physiological seed dormancy. A high rate of germination a short time after sowing in the in vitro experiments together with a very low survival after deployment in the in situ experiments (0.2% after three years) indicate that D. lapponica seeds are not part of a long-lived soil seed bank. In vitro experiments also demonstrated that a fungal symbiont was not required for germination. Seeds sown in situ had very low germination rate (11%-12%) and lack of available nutrients is suggested as a possible explanation. Presence of a fungal symbiont clearly enhanced the early development of protocorms in vitro, and is probably necessary for the seedling to grow beyond the earliest protocorm stages under natural conditions. The results indicate that recruitment is highly variable and very low relative to population size, indicating that survival of established plants is crucial to the fate of a population.

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Section: Germination In Situ and Consequences For Population Inputmentioning

confidence: 98%

Germination Ecology of the Boreal-Alpine Terrestrial OrchidDactylorhiza lapponica(Orchidaceae)

Øien

O’Neill

Whigham

et al. 2008

Annales Botanici Fennici

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“…'Athens', 'Moscow' and 'Lusaka') whilst seed development and cell number amplified fast (Vujanovic et al 2000). Ten capsules were harvested from a minimum of 10 plants for each hybrid.…”

Section: Harvestingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capsule formation and asymbiotic seed germination in some hybrids of Phalaenopsis, influenced by pollination season and capsule maturity

Balilashaki

Gantait

Naderi

et al. 2015

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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We explored the influence of pollination season and maturity of capsule on post-pollination capsule formation and in vitro asymbiotic seed germination, respectively. Three Phalaenopsis orchid hybrids, namely, 'Athens', 'Moscow' and 'Lusaka' flowers were artificially self-pollinated during winter, spring, summer and fall seasons and the impact of the pollination seasons was evident during capsule formation. It was observed that winter was the most suitable season for pollination of all the three Phalanaeopsis hybrids resulting in 80-88 % capsule formation. During summer, the pollination success rate was 24-28 %, but resulted in successful capsule formation. Season of pollination further delimited the germination efficiency of seeds harvested from capsules of variable maturity levels. Invariably, seeds collected from winterpollinated capsules performed best in germination compared to other seasons, for instance, 'Moscow' seeds took less than 14 days to germinate from capsules developed following winter-pollination. Regarding the influence of capsule maturity on seed germination, we observed that seeds derived from 5-month mature capsules, invariably took least time to germinate than that of the 3-month or 7-month in all three hybrids, e.g., for 'Moscow' it was 13.9 days with a maximum of 90.3 % germination.

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“…To understand the microbiome of the seed and germinant, one must understand the microbiome of the plant, particularly fungal endophytes (Vujanovic 2000;Selosse and Rousset 2011). Endophytic fungal symbionts have unique features and ecological significance, as they form distinct mutualistic relationships with plants compared with AMF symbionts.…”

Section: The Mycodependency Spectrum: From Mycotrophy To Mycovitalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though limited in number, the studies available suggest that endophytic fungi are prevalent in various habitats and can colonise a substantial proportion of the species: >500 plant species, >300 genera, and >100 families along with the north pole to south pole latitudinal diversity gradient (Jumpponen and Trappe 1998;Mandyam and Jumpponen 2005). Canadian field and inoculation experiments with different plant hosts and endosymbionts showed that plant responses were specific to the individual hosts, their plant organs, and fungi involved (Currah and Tsuneda 1993;Fernando and Currah 1996;Vujanovic et al 2000;Vujanovic and Brisson 2002;Corredor et al 2012;Ellouze et al 2013). This symbiotic relationship between root and fungi shaped the evolution of plant tolerance and nutrient acquisition, thus maximizing a plant's productivity in terrestrial ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed endosymbiosis: a vital relationship in providing prenatal care to plants

Vujanovic¹,

Germida²

2017

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Global food security is a challenge, especially under changing climatic conditions. Recent advances in plant technology using plant-microbiome interactions promise an increased crop production. Indeed, all healthy plants or crop genotypes carry a beneficial microbiome, encompassing root-and seed-associated endosymbionts, providing mycotrophy and mycovitality to plants, respectively. Recent studies have found that mycovitality, or the endosymbiotic seed-fungus relationship and its key translational functions, bear tangible biotechnological benefits. Thus, this paper underlines the role of endophytes as early plant growth promoters under stressful environments. Notably, it explores the concept of plant prenatal care towards enhanced seed vigor, germination, and resilience, which results in an improved crop yield under stressful conditions. It presents an extensive research overview of endosymbiotic plant-fungi relationships with special focus on the wheat seed, an important source of staple food. Historical advances in terminology and scientific concepts on the subject are also presented to highlight the areas where further research is urgently needed.Key words: seed, plant microbiome, endophytes, fungi, plant prenatal care, climate change.Résumé : La sécurité alimentaire mondiale est un véritable enjeu, surtout face au changement climatique. Des progrès récents en technologie végétale reposant sur les réactions entre la plante et le microbiome promettent une hausse de la production. De fait, les plantes et les génotypes agricoles vigoureux possèdent tous un microbiome utile composé des endosymbiontes des racines et de la semence permettant au végétal de profiter respectivement des matières organiques décomposées par les champignons (mycotrophie) et de la mycovitalité. Des études récentes montrent que la mycovitalité, c'est-à-dire l'endosymbiose entre la graine et le champignon et ses principales fonctions traductionnelles, a des effets biotechnologiques tangibles et bénéfiques. Le présent article met en relief le rôle des endophytes en tant qu'accélérateur de croissance initial, quand les conditions sont difficiles. Plus précisément, il examine le concept des « soins prénataux » végétaux assurant une augmentation de la vigueur, la germination et la résilience des semences, qui aboutissent elles-mêmes à un rendement supérieur de la culture malgré les facteurs de stress. L'auteur offre un vaste survol de la recherche sur les liens endosymbiotiques entre la plante et les cryptogames, s'attardant notamment au blé, cette denrée capitale. Il se penche aussi sur l'évolution historique de la terminologie et des concepts scientifiques, pour faire ressortir les éléments sur lesquels il faudrait rapidement approfondir les recherches. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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Viability Testing of Orchid Seed and the Promotion of Colouration and Germination

Cited by 175 publications

References 44 publications

Germination Ecology of the Boreal-Alpine Terrestrial OrchidDactylorhiza lapponica(Orchidaceae)

Germination Ecology of the Boreal-Alpine Terrestrial OrchidDactylorhiza lapponica(Orchidaceae)

Capsule formation and asymbiotic seed germination in some hybrids of Phalaenopsis, influenced by pollination season and capsule maturity

Seed endosymbiosis: a vital relationship in providing prenatal care to plants

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