“…At present, deep learning methods are popularly applied for various applications. For example, damage identification on structures with images (Cha, Choi, & Büyüköztürk, 2017;Gao, Kong, & Mosalam, 2019;Gao & Mosalam, 2018;Li, Zhao, & Zhou, 2019;Ni, Zhang, & Chen, 2019;Wu et al, 2019;Yang et al, 2018), with sensor measurements (Huang, Beck, & Li, 2019;Y. Zhang, Miyamori, Mikami, & Saito, 2019), concrete property estimation (Rafiei, Khushefati, Demirboga, & Adeli, 2017), and vehicle type detection in real traffic data (Molina-Cabello, Luque-Baena, López-Rubio, & Thurnhofer-Hemsi, 2018).…”