Vibration response and fault characteristics analysis of gear based on time-varying mesh stiffness

Meng, Zong; Shi, Guozhen; Wang, Fulin

doi:10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2020.103786

Cited by 130 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In order to avoid the influence of local deformation, the average value of the displacement of all nodes on the inner ring of the driving wheel is used to equivalent the torsional deformation amount n of the inner ring of the gear. Thus, the relative angle of the drive gear is expressed as n n r  q  (8) The equivalent deformation caused by the comprehensive deformation on the meshing line is…”

Section: ) Calculation Of Meshing Stiffnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, Litak [6] obtained the meshing stiffness of gear with fault by analytical method, and obtained the dynamic characteristics of single degree of freedom gear transmission system with fault. After that, Wu et al [7] established a 6-DOF gear system dynamic model considering the lateral vibration of the gear, and studied the vibration characteristics of the transmission system with The moment of inertia of crack part for ' [8] calculated the meshing stiffness of gear under the failure of tooth surface spalling and crack by potential energy method, and analyzed the fault characteristics. To sum up, at present, there are various and more accurate methods to solve the time-varying meshing stiffness, but most of the gear transmission systems use the lumped mass method to establish the model, ignoring the flexibility of the transmission shaft, so that the final solution error is large.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Two-Stage Gear System With Gear and Shaft Cracks Considering the Shaft Flexibility

et al. 2020

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To analyze the vibration characteristic differences of a gear transmission system with gear and shaft cracks, an improved computational method for deriving the shaft stiffness matrix with breathing cracks is developed. Also, the three-dimensional contact model of spur gear with a crack is established via the finite element method (FEM), and its meshing stiffness is calculated. Simultaneously, considering bearing stiffness and shaft flexibility, the finite element dynamic models of two-stage gear transmission system with gear and shaft cracks are established. Based on this, different source fault vibration responses are compared and the influencing factors are explored. In addition, a novel signal processing method based on the particle swarm optimization, maximum correlated kurtosis deconvolution, variational, mode decomposition and fast spectral kurtosis (PSO-MCKD-VMD-FSK) is utilized to extract fault characteristics for the signal-to-noise ratio and uneven energy distribution problems. Results show that a system with gear cracks mainly presents periodic impact in the time domain, while in the frequency domain it impacts rotation frequency modulation near the meshing frequency and its multiple frequencies. However, the shaft crack breathing effect meant that the time domain mainly presents "simple harmonic" modulation, and the rotation frequency and its faulty shaft multiplication occurs in the low-frequency region of the frequency domain. The PSO-MCKD-VMD-FSK method extracts fault features in a strong noise environment and has good robustness. Results identify different source faults and provide a theoretical basis.

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Section: ) Calculation Of Meshing Stiffnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Two-Stage Gear System With Gear and Shaft Cracks Considering the Shaft Flexibility

et al. 2020

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“…The instantaneous frequency of the frequency modulated (FM) signal changes with time, usually carrying the key information on the operation status of the equipment, which is common in sonar [1,2], radar monitoring [3–5], biomedicine [6], speech analysis [7], health monitoring [8,9], etc. According to different time-frequency characteristics of FM signals, it contains linear frequency modulated (LFM) signals [10], nonlinear frequency modulated (NLFM) signals [11] and so forth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive stochastic resonance in bistable system driven by noisy NLFM signal: phenomenon and application

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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The stochastic resonance (SR) in a bistable system driven by nonlinear frequency modulation (NLFM) signal and strong noise is studied. Combined with empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and piecewise idea, an adaptive piecewise re-scaled SR method based on the optimal intrinsic mode function (IMF), is proposed to enhance the weak NLFM signal. At first, considering the advantages of EMD for dealing with non-stationary signals, the segmented NLFM signal is processed by EMD. Meanwhile, the cross-correlation coefficient is used as the measure to select the optimal IMF that contains the NLFM signal feature. Then, the spectral amplification gain indicator is proposed to realize the adaptive SR of the optimal IMF of each sub-segment signal and reconstruct the enhanced NLFM signal. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is highlighted with the analysis of the short-time Fourier transform spectrum of the simulation results. As an application example, the proposed method is verified adaptability in bearing fault diagnosis under the speed-varying condition that represents a typical and complicated NLFM signal in mechanical engineering. The research provides a new way for the enhancement of weak non-stationary signals. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Vibrational and stochastic resonance in driven nonlinear systems (part 1)’.

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“…In gear transmissions vibrations are originated from the gear mesh forces acting between teeth. Faults such as cracks or wear may modify the stiffness of a damaged tooth causing changes in the vibration response from the gear transmission [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative case studies on ring gear fault diagnosis of planetary gearboxes using vibrations and acoustic emissions

Leaman

Baltes

Clausen

2021

Forsch Ingenieurwes

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The analysis of vibrations and acoustic emissions (AE) are two recognized non-destructive techniques used for machine fault diagnosis. In recent years, the two techniques have been comparatively evaluated by different researchers with experimental tests. Several evaluations have shown that the AE analysis has a higher potential than the vibration analysis for fault diagnosis of mechanical components for certain cases. However, the distance between the AE sensor and the fault is an important factor that can considerably decrease the potential to detect damage and that has not been sufficiently investigated. Moreover, the comparisons have not yet addressed conditions of slow speed that for example are usual for wind turbine gearboxes. Therefore, in this paper we present two comparative case studies that address both topics. Both case studies consider planetary gearboxes with faults in their ring gears. The first case study corresponds to a small planetary gearbox in which the AE and vibration sensors were installed together at two different positions. The second case study corresponds to a full-size wind turbine gearbox in which three pairs of AE and vibration sensors were installed on the outside of the ring gear from a low-speed planetary stage. The results of the evaluations demonstrate the important influence of the distance between sensors and fault. Despite this, the good results from the AE analysis indicate that this technique should be considered as an important complement to the traditional vibration analysis. The main contribution of this paper is comparing AE and vibration analysis by using not only experimental data from a small planetary gearbox but also from a full-size wind turbine gearbox. The comparison addresses the topics of proximity of the sensor to the fault and low-speed conditions.

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Vibration response and fault characteristics analysis of gear based on time-varying mesh stiffness

Cited by 130 publications

References 34 publications

Comparative Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Two-Stage Gear System With Gear and Shaft Cracks Considering the Shaft Flexibility

Comparative Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Two-Stage Gear System With Gear and Shaft Cracks Considering the Shaft Flexibility

Adaptive stochastic resonance in bistable system driven by noisy NLFM signal: phenomenon and application

Comparative case studies on ring gear fault diagnosis of planetary gearboxes using vibrations and acoustic emissions

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