Vibrio salmonicida sp. nov., a New Fish Pathogen

Cryptic luminescence in the cold-water fish pathogen Vibrio salmonicida

“…salmonicida has not been previously described as being a luminescent species; however, because of recent evi-206 Egidius et al (1986) dence that the level of luminescence of V. logei is inhibited at elevated growth temperatures (Fidopiastis et al 1998), colonies of V. salmonicida were assayed for luminescence during growth within its psychrophilic temperature range (2-16°C). Colonies of V. salmonicida were not detectably luminous over this entire range, either visibly or by sensitive photometry.…”

“…Determination of luminescence on agar plates V. salmonicida strains NCMB 2262 (Egidius et al 1986; Table 1), VS1, VS201, VS224, and VS420 (Sørum et al 1988), each isolated from diseased Atlantic salmon, were streaked onto a seawater-tryptone-yeast extract (SWT) agar medium (Boettcher and Ruby 1990) and incubated for up to 8 days at either 2, 8, or 16°C. From the time they first appeared and throughout their subsequent growth, individual colonies were removed and their luminescence was measured in a sensitive photometer (TD-20/20 Luminometer; Turner Designs, Sunnyvale, Calif., USA) either with or without exposure to fumes of decyl aldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo., USA).…”

“…Vibrio salmonicida is a psychrophilic bacterium that is the causative agent of cold-water vibriosis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and cod (Gadus morhua) (Egidius 1986;Wiik et al 1989;Sørum et al 1990). Analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences have revealed a close phylogenetic relationship between V. salmonicida and the luminous marine bacteria Vibrio fischeri and Vibrio logei (Wiik et al 1995;Fidopiastis et al 1998).…”

Gastrointestinal Pathogenesis in Aquatic Animals

“…Cold water vibriosis is a bacterial infection caused by Vibrio salmonicida (Egidius et al 1986), which has been reclassified as Aliivibrio salmonicida (Urbanczyk et al 2007). The most susceptible species is Atlantic salmon in Norway, Scotland and the Shetland Islands, but the disease has also been recorded in rainbow trout and Atlantic cod (Bruno et al 1986;Press and Lillehaug 1995).…”

The Role of Extremophilic Microorganisms and their Bioproducts in Food Processing and Production

“…In common with M. viscosa, this bacterial species gives rise to outbreaks in winter when the water temperatures drop below 5 • C, and continues until temperatures reach 2 • C. Fish can show signs of disease at up to 8 • C (Noga, 1996). A. salmonicida is a facultatively anaerobic motile rod which gives rise to gill pallor, anemia, and hemorrhages, particularly in the integument surround the internal organs, with generalized septicemia (Egidius et al, 1986). The introduction of an oil-adjuvanted vaccine for cold water vibriosis and furunculosis in Norway in 1994 has largely eliminated outbreaks of this disease.…”