Vicinage effects in ion-cluster collisions with condensed matter and with single atoms

Inertial confinement fusion using hohlraum radiation generated by heavy-ion clusters

“…For the last 20 years or so, a rather intense effort has been made to formulate in various ways the stopping mechanisms of two charges flowing close to one another in a jellium or a harmonic-like collection of neutral atoms. 12 In this work we concentrate on the problem involving energetic ion debris with a kinetic energy Eу10 keV/amu, so that the overall drift velocity after impact with the target should remain at least two orders of magnitude above a socalled transverse velocity due to ion-ion Coulomb repulsion ͑intercharge distance у1 a.u.͒. In such a case, ion stopping may well be addressed within a kind of Bohr-Bethe-Bloch formulation, and, taking lithium as the stopping material ͑r S ϭ3.27͒ in the given velocity range, the stopping time will be ϳ10 Ϫ12 -10 Ϫ13 s with a much slower ion-ion motion.…”

“…The latter is treated here as a superposition of dicluster contributions 10,11 according to a model by Basbas and Ritchie. 12 We start our analysis by considering a frozen ͑polarized͒ configuration of ion debris flying in the target close to the initial cluster-ion beam ͑CIB͒ trajectory. This picture stems from the fragmentation scenario outlined above.…”

Vicinage effect in secondary electron emission from a clean (001) surface of SnTe induced by keV hydrogen clusters

“…The stopping power for the fragments depends on their internuclear distances, their orientations and the incidence velocity. Nowadays, many theoretical treatments and numerical calculations can be referred for its interesting behavior [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. For dicluster hydrogen ions at keV energy region, an approximated treatment for the stopping power for the randomly oriented fragments has been calculated by Nagy et al [17].…”

“…Thus, in treating the molecular effect by this scaling relation, the effect of electrons released from or associated with molecular ions in the yields of secondary electrons is emphasized. On the other hand, it is known that the stopping power for the fragments resulting from dissociation of the energetic molecular ions differs from that for individual protons [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. This phenomenon is caused by interference effect in the excitations of target atoms or electrons by the closely oriented charges of fragments and is referred to as "vicinage effect" for the stopping power.…”

The stopping forces of small cluster ions of Li and C with MeV energies in carbon foils

“…This difference is described as the vicinage effect, which was first demonstrated by Brandt et al [3]. Several theoretical and experimental studies [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] have been performed to investigate this effect. A review of the literatures reveals that the ratio of the energy loss per atom of the cluster to the one of the isolated atom is larger than unity, especially in a thinner target.…”