Victimization and traumatic stress: Pathways to depressive symptoms among low-income, African-American girls

Gershon, Anda; Hayward, Laura C.; Donenberg, Geri R.; Wilson, Helen W.

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.10.004

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…The results also revealed that childhood sexual abuse was associated with depression among women but not among men. These are in line with studies that have childhood sexual abuse to have a greater effect on depression for women (Chen et al, 2014; Gershon et al, 2018), although other studies have reported a greater effect of sexual abuse and depression among men (Dinwiddie et al, 2000; Silverman et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Feeling Not Wanted/Loved and Depression: Does Gender Matter?

et al. 2021

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Depression affects over 17 million American adults yearly and has been identified as the leading cause of disability in people between the ages of 15 and 44 years. There is evidence that feeling neglect or a lack of parental attachment during childhood is associated with depression. One construct that has been overlooked is love from a parent. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association between individuals who felt not wanted/loved during adolescence and lifetime depression and to examine this association by gender. We examined 5114 participants aged 24–32 years at Wave IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) public use dataset. We used logistic regression analysis to determine the association between an individual feeling not wanted/loved by their parent/caregiver prior to age 18, covariates, and lifetime depression. We then stratified by gender and ran logistic models for both men and women separately. Overall, 16.2% ( n = 827) reported lifetime depression diagnosis, while 16.5% of the participants reported feeling not wanted/loved “often,” while 29.8% reported it as “sometimes.” Feeling not wanted/loved “often” was associated with higher odds of depression (AOR = 3.00; 95% CI, 2.45–3.66; p < .001) versus “sometimes” (AOR = 1.59; 95% CI, 1.31–1.90; p < .001). When stratified by gender, feeling not loved/wanted was associated with depression among both men (AOR = 3.70; 95% CI, 2.60–5.25; p < .001) and women (AOR = 2.73; 95% CI, 2.13–3.48; p < .001). Feeling not loved or wanted by a parent/caregiver during adolescence has serious implications, for both men and women. Future studies should further examine this construct and identify family-based interventions that focus on parent/caregiver and child relationships.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Feeling Not Wanted/Loved and Depression: Does Gender Matter?

et al. 2021

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“…Stress was studied in various forms in rodent populations and humans [ 144 , 145 , 155 , 174 , 176 , 180 , 185 , 186 , 187 , 188 , 189 , 190 , 191 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 , 199 , 200 , 201 , 202 , 203 , 204 , 205 , 206 , 207 , 208 , 209 , 210 , 211 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Depression: A Review of Recent Literature

2021

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Depression is one of the leading causes of disability, and, if left unmanaged, it can increase the risk for suicide. The evidence base on the determinants of depression is fragmented, which makes the interpretation of the results across studies difficult. The objective of this study is to conduct a thorough synthesis of the literature assessing the biological, psychological, and social determinants of depression in order to piece together the puzzle of the key factors that are related to this condition. Titles and abstracts published between 2017 and 2020 were identified in PubMed, as well as Medline, Scopus, and PsycInfo. Key words relating to biological, social, and psychological determinants as well as depression were applied to the databases, and the screening and data charting of the documents took place. We included 470 documents in this literature review. The findings showed that there are a plethora of risk and protective factors (relating to biological, psychological, and social determinants) that are related to depression; these determinants are interlinked and influence depression outcomes through a web of causation. In this paper, we describe and present the vast, fragmented, and complex literature related to this topic. This review may be used to guide practice, public health efforts, policy, and research related to mental health and, specifically, depression.

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“…Children raised in poverty are often exposed to chronic stress, either directly (from food, housing, energy insecurity( 220 ), bullying( 221 , 222 ), or neighborhood violence( 126 )) or indirectly via parental stress( 223 ). Higher HCC were associated with lower parental education( 224 ), lower family income, more household members, single-parent households( 201 ), and deprived neighborhoods( 219 ).…”

Section: Cortisol As a Biomarker Of Early Life Adversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The social ecology of childhood and early life adversity

et al. 2021

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An increasing prevalence of early childhood adversity has reached epidemic proportions, creating a public health crisis. Rather than focusing only on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) as the main lens for understanding early childhood experiences, detailed assessments of a child’s social ecology are required to assess ‘early life adversity’. These should also include the role of positive experiences, social relationships, and resilience-promoting factors. Comprehensive assessments of a child’s physical and social ecology not only require parent/caregiver surveys and clinical observations, but also include measurements of the child’s physiology using biomarkers. We identify cortisol as a stress biomarker and posit that hair cortisol concentrations represent a summative and chronological record of children’s exposure to adverse experiences and other contextual stressors. Future research should use a social ecological approach to investigate the robust interactions among adverse conditions, protective factors, genetic and epigenetic influences, environmental exposures, and social policy, within the context of a child’s developmental stages. These contribute to their physical health, psychiatric conditions, cognitive/executive, social, and psychological functions, lifestyle choices, and socioeconomic outcomes. Such studies must inform preventive measures, therapeutic interventions, advocacy efforts, social policy changes, and public awareness campaigns to address early life adversities and their enduring effects on human potential.

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Victimization and traumatic stress: Pathways to depressive symptoms among low-income, African-American girls

Cited by 5 publications

References 57 publications

Feeling Not Wanted/Loved and Depression: Does Gender Matter?

Feeling Not Wanted/Loved and Depression: Does Gender Matter?

Biological, Psychological, and Social Determinants of Depression: A Review of Recent Literature

The social ecology of childhood and early life adversity

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