Video-Based Physiologic Monitoring During an Acute Hypoxic Challenge: Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate, and Oxygen Saturation

Abstract

Video-based monitoring of HR, RR, and oxygen saturation may be performed with reasonable accuracy during acute hypoxic conditions in an anesthetized porcine hypoxia model using standard visible light camera equipment. However, the study was conducted during relatively low motion. A better understanding of the effect of motion and the effect of ambient light on the video photoplethysmogram may help refine this monitoring technology for use in the clinical environment.

Continuous respiratory rate monitoring during an acute hypoxic challenge using a depth sensing camera

“…Changes in RR are often one of the earliest and more important indicators that precedes major clinical manifestations of serious complications such as respiratory tract infections, respiratory depression associated with opioid consumption, anaesthesia and/or sedation, as well as respiratory failure [1][2][3]. A wide range of methods have been proposed for the determination of respiratory rate using non-contact means including RGB video camera systems [4,5], infrared camera systems [6], laser vibrometry [7], piezoelectric bed sensors [8], doppler radar [9], thermal imaging [10] and acoustic sensors [11]. The determination of respiratory information from depth data has received relatively less attention than RGB video methods, although such systems are well suited to this task.…”

Continuous non‐contact respiratory rate and tidal volume monitoring using a Depth Sensing Camera

“…A concordance value is then computed by calculating the percentage of points lying in the quadrants where both parameters have the same sign, (i.e. both positive or both negative), which indicates co-trending behaviour [24]. Matlab (R2018b) was used to process the data and perform the statistical analysis.…”

Video-based heart rate monitoring across a range of skin pigmentations during an acute hypoxic challenge

“…The home environment is another area of interest as more monitoring is taking place in order to reduce costs and improve out-of-hospital care. In addition, the monitoring of heart rate using video methods may be combined with other video monitoring technologies relevant to the clinical environment, including the monitoring of oxygen saturation [ 8 , 24 ], respiratory rate [ 25 ], pulse transit times [ 26 ], gait, [ 27 ] and the detection of falls [ 28 ]. Further development of video-based physiological monitoring will require robust algorithms to tackle motion and lighting effects before the technology is mature enough for these application areas.…”

“…A variety of powerful signal processing methods has been proposed to determine heart rate from the video-PPG. These include frequency-based methods such as spectral peak tracking [ 8 ], and Fourier-based amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum adaptive filter for motion compensation [ 9 ]; wavelet transform time–frequency methods including the weighted transform component method [ 10 ], a dual tree complex wavelet transform method [ 11 ] and a running wavelet archetyping (RWA) method [ 12 ]; independent component analysis (ICA) methods such as the temporal constrained ICA and adaptive filter method [ 13 ], an assessment of three different ICA methods [ 14 ] and a comparison of independent component analysis, principle component analysis (PCA) and cross-correlation [ 15 ].…”