Video‐enhanced microscopy of organelle movement in an intact epithelium

Karnaky, Karl John; Garretson, Leon T.; O’Neil, Roger G.

doi:10.1002/jmor.1052130104

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…These processes were assumed to occur mainly as a result of studies of stationary images obtained by electron microscopy. Although the movements of granules in several types of secretory cells were studied (1,11,15,16,30), the relationship between the movement and exocytosis remains unclear because the properties of both processes were not observed simultaneously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exocytosis and movement of zymogen granules observed by VEC-DIC microscopy in the pancreatic tissue en bloc

Ishihara¹,

Sakurai

Kimura³

et al. 2000

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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The dynamic aspects of exocytosis, especially in the normal acinar tissue en bloc, have remained unclear. We visualized exocytosis directly in the tissue of the exocrine pancreas of rodents by video-enhanced contrast-differential interference contrast (VEC-DIC) microscopy to investigate various exocytosis-related rates and the relationship between the movement of granules and exocytotic responses. Stimulation of the tissue with bethanechol or cholecystokinin caused many of the zymogen granules in the apical pole to disappear abruptly. The exocytotic transients of individual granules were completed in 0.48-0.65 s. Granules destined to participate in the exocytotic response moved randomly at velocities of approximately 0.06 microm/s or less during stimulation. In the tissue preparation, granules located far from the apical pole frequently moved back and forth for 1-7 microm without showing exocytosis. Colchicine suppressed this movement and the late phase of the secretory response. Real-time (VEC-DIC) observation of granule dynamics revealed that the initial step of exocytosis was not coupled directly with the microtubule-dependent translocation but with a continuous, slow Brownian fluctuation of granules.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exocytosis and movement of zymogen granules observed by VEC-DIC microscopy in the pancreatic tissue en bloc

Ishihara¹,

Sakurai

Kimura³

et al. 2000

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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“…The velocity range is well within the range of intracellular motion in which molecular motors move organelles at speeds of microns per second. 30,[89][90][91][92] Diffusion of very small organelles, as well as molecular diffusion, are too fast to be resolved by our maximum frame rate of 10 fps. Membrane undulations are a common feature of cellular motions, leading to the phenomenon of flicker.…”

Section: Fluctuation Differential Spectrogramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic tissue dynamics spectroscopy

Nolte¹,

Turek

et al. 2011

J. Biomed. Opt.

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Tissue dynamics spectroscopy uses digital holography as a coherence gate to extract depth-resolved quasi-elastic dynamic light scattering from inside multicellular tumor spheroids. The temporal speckle contrast provides endogenous dynamical images of proliferating and hypoxic or necrotic tissues. Fluctuation spectroscopy similar to diffusing wave spectroscopy is performed on the dynamic speckle to generate tissue-response spectrograms that track time-resolved changes in intracellular motility in response to environmental perturbations. The spectrograms consist of several frequency bands that range from 0.005 to 5 Hz. The fluctuation spectral density and temporal autocorrelations show the signature of constrained anomalous diffusion, but with large fluctuation amplitudes caused by active processes far from equilibrium. Differences in the tissue-response spectrograms between the proliferating outer shell and the hypoxic inner core differentiate normal from starved conditions. The differential spectrograms provide an initial library of tissue-response signatures to environmental conditions of temperature, osmolarity, pH, and serum growth factors.

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“…These are particularly important for cosmetic products, since the systems (ignoring pigment particles) tend to be made from materials with very similar refractive indices, making the visualization of many of the structures very difficult to see with conventional contrasts. This has led to developments in differential interference contrast (DIC) and video-enhanced microscopy (VEM) [31][32][33][34] and the various derivatives of confocal microscopy. [35][36] DIC is an extension of classical phase contrast, with the ability to discriminate smaller differences in refractive index, and is capable of revealing minute detail.…”

Section: Imaging Methods For Studying Cosmetic Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Need for Microstructural Measurement Techniques in the Study of Cosmetic Product Properties

Cummins¹,

Fthenakis²

2007

MRS Bull.

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A cosmetic product is often a complex non-homogeneous mixture of physicochemical units including polymers, small molecules, surface-active species, and particles. In use, it is applied to an equally heterogeneous substrate, skin. Consequently, materials structure as well as composition and the nature of the surfaces are relevant to a clear understanding of any technologically important product property or process. No longer is it sufficient to answer the classical questions of analysis-what and how much?-for many applications; we must now ask the additional questions of where, how organized, and how is it manifest to the customer? Although analytical sciences have, for many years, been applied to the problem of characterizing what is in chemical systems, the need to understand spatial and interfacial interactions has received much less attention. The explosive growth, however, in electronics, computing, biology, mathematical methodologies, microscopy, and optics now present the cosmetic industry with a new set of tools that can be utilized to address this issue. It is the objective of this article to highlight some of these measurement advances and how they might have relevance in the cosmetics industry in the coming years.

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Video‐enhanced microscopy of organelle movement in an intact epithelium

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Exocytosis and movement of zymogen granules observed by VEC-DIC microscopy in the pancreatic tissue en bloc

Exocytosis and movement of zymogen granules observed by VEC-DIC microscopy in the pancreatic tissue en bloc

Holographic tissue dynamics spectroscopy

The Need for Microstructural Measurement Techniques in the Study of Cosmetic Product Properties

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