VideoSAR collections to image underground chemical explosion surface phenomena

Yocky, David A.; Calloway, Terry M.; Wahl, Daniel E.

doi:10.1117/12.2258268

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Prompt surface movement This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. For more information, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ detected by InSAR techniques for underground chemical explosions as surrogates for UNE tests were reported for SPE-5 and SPE-6 separately [2], [3].…”

Section: A Sar Ground Motion Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We formed images with a 0.1 s frame-rate for coherence and polarimetric measures. Faster frame rates were previously explored for the SPE-5 experiment [2].…”

Section: Spe Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two passes pre/post event allow for creating differential InSAR products and comparison of coherent polarimeteric phenomenology. Details on calibration, auto focus, and other signal processing performed on the images are found in [2] for SPE-5 and [3] for SPE-6. An example of the SPE site calibrated magnitude SAR imagery is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Spe Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the coherence loss that follows is from the temporal decorrelation caused by motion of scatters because of the underground explosions. Temporal coherence, γ = γ temporal , has been used for detecting anthropogenic time-dependent change [2], [3], [35]. Similarly, UNEs can produce a change in the temporal coherence magnitude directly above a test [21].…”

Section: A Surface Coherence Changementioning

confidence: 99%

“…after two explosion tests. This article presents remotely sensed PolSAR surface measures that have been published independently but compared herein [2], [3]. Previous findings hypothesized that PolSAR-sensed surface changes were created by surface accelerations of 1 g or greater.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of PolSAR Surface Measurements From Underground Chemical Explosions to Recorded and Predicted Surface Ground Motion

Yocky

West

Abbott

2021

IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observations Remote Sensing

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The Source Physics Experiment (SPE) Phase I conducted six underground chemical explosions at the same experimental pad with the goal of characterizing underground explosions to enhance the United States (U.S.) ability to detect and discriminate underground nuclear explosions (UNEs). A fully polarimetric synthetic aperture RADAR (PolSAR) collected imagery in VideoSAR mode during the fifth and sixth explosions in the series (SPE-5 and SPE-6). Previously, we reported the prompt PolSAR surface changes cause by SPE-5 and SPE-6 explosions within seconds or minutes of the underground chemical explosions, including a drop of spatial coherence and polarimetric scattering changes.Therein it was hypothesized that surface changes occurred when surface particles experienced upward acceleration greater than 1 g. Because the SPE site was instrumented with surface accelerometers, we explore that hypothesis and report our findings in this article. We equate explosion-caused prompt surface expressions measured by PolSAR to the prompt surface movement measured by accelerometers. We tie these findings to UNE detection by comparing the PolSAR and accelerometer results to empirical ground motion predictions derived from accelerometer recordings of UNEs collected prior to cessation of U.S. nuclear testing. We find the single threshold greater than 1 g hypothesis is not correct for it does not explain the PolSAR results. Our findings show PolSAR surface coherence spatial extent is highly correlated with surface velocity, both measured and predicted, and the resulting surface deformation extent is corroborated by accelerometer records and the predicted lateral spall extent. PolSAR scattering changes measured during SPE-6 are created by the prompt surface displacement being larger than the spall gap.

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Section: A Sar Ground Motion Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We formed images with a 0.1 s frame-rate for coherence and polarimetric measures. Faster frame rates were previously explored for the SPE-5 experiment [2].…”

Section: Spe Sitementioning

confidence: 99%