Vietnam: Neglected tropical diseases in an emerging and accelerating economy

Pham, K. Ngoc; Hotez, Peter J.

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0010140

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Vietnamese nationals and VietAms have different lifestyles, health behaviors, and socioeconomic statuses. For example, Vietnam is a developing country with a tropical climate, which faces a different profile of infectious tropical diseases [6]. In addition, longitudinal studies focused on the health trends of Asian immigrants have found significant correlations between acculturation and higher risks of excess body mass, diabetes mellitus, and poor cardiovascular health [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leading causes of death in Vietnamese Americans: An ecological study based on national death records from 2005–2020

Tran,

Shon,

Phan

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Disaggregated data is a cornerstone of precision health. Vietnamese Americans (VietAms) are the fourth-largest Asian subgroup in the United States (US), and demonstrate a unique burden of disease and mortality. However, most prior studies have aggregated VietAms under the broader Asian American category for analytic purposes. This study examined the leading causes of death among VietAms compared to aggregated Asian Americans and non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) during the period 2005–2020. Methods Decedent data, including underlying cause of death, were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics national mortality file from 2005 to 2020. Population denominator estimates were obtained from the American Community Survey one-year population estimates. Outcome measures included proportional mortality, age-adjusted mortality rates per 100,000 (AMR), and annual percent change (APC) in mortality over time. Data were stratified by sex and nativity status. Due to large differences in age structure, we report native- and foreign-born VietAms separately. Findings We identified 74,524 VietAm decedents over the study period (71,305 foreign-born, 3,219 native-born). Among foreign-born VietAms, the three leading causes of death were cancer (26.6%), heart disease (18.0%), and cerebrovascular disease (9.0%). Among native-born VietAms the three leading causes were accidents (19.0%), self-harm (12.0%), and cancer (10.4%). For every leading cause of death, VietAms exhibited lower mortality compared to both aggregated Asians and NHWs. Over the course of the study period, VietAms witnessed an increase in mortality in every leading cause. This effect was mostly driven by foreign-born, male VietAms. Conclusions and relevance While VietAms have lower overall mortality from leading causes of death compared to aggregated Asians and NHWs, these advantages have eroded markedly between 2005 and 2020. These data emphasize the importance of racial disaggregation in the reporting of public health measures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leading causes of death in Vietnamese Americans: An ecological study based on national death records from 2005–2020

Tran,

Shon,

Phan

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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“…Although malaria was previously endemic in many parts of Vietnam, it has recently been significantly reduced following vector control efforts by the Vietnamese government. These measures included prompt case detection and treatment with pyronaridine-artesunate (Pyramax) which is used for diversifying anti-malarial therapy in artemisinin-and piperaquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum parasite regions [9], the widespread distribution of insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs), long-lasting insecticidetreated bed nets/long-lasting insecticide-treated hammock nets (LLTNs/LLHNs), and the regular the use of pyrethroids through indoor residual spraying (IRS) in households [10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, malaria continues to persist as an important public health threat in the Central Highlands and the southern forested and mountainous regions [16,17], where almost all ethnic minority groups live in impoverished socio-economic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquitoes and Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Vietnam

Huynh

Tran

Nguyen

et al. 2022

Insects

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Mosquito-borne diseases pose a significant threat to humans in almost every part of the world. Key factors such as global warming, climatic conditions, rapid urbanisation, frequent human relocation, and widespread deforestation significantly increase the number of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases in Vietnam, and elsewhere around the world. In southeast Asia, and notably in Vietnam, national mosquito control programmes contribute to reducing the risk of mosquito-borne disease transmission, however, malaria and dengue remain a threat to public health. The aim of our review is to provide a complete checklist of all Vietnamese mosquitoes that have been recognised, as well as an overview of mosquito-borne diseases in Vietnam. A total of 281 mosquito species of 42 subgenera and 22 genera exist in Vietnam. Of those, Anopheles, Aedes, and Culex are found to be potential vectors for mosquito-borne diseases. Major mosquito-borne diseases in high-incidence areas of Vietnam include malaria, dengue, and Japanese encephalitis. This review may be useful to entomological researchers for future surveys of Vietnamese mosquitoes and to decision-makers responsible for vector control tactics.

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