Vieussens’ arterial ring: a rare coronary variant anatomy

Anomalous right coronary artery origin from pulmonary artery associated with aortic stenosis, mitral regurgitation, and Vieussens’ arterial ring: a very rare association and case

“…This is a unique case report of a patient presenting with severe AS and severe secondary (functional) MR where an ARCAPA together with the rarest VAR variant type 1B [2] were incidentally diagnosed during preoperative evaluation. ARCAPA is an exceedingly rare coronary artery anomaly (CAA) with an incidence of 0.002% in the general population [1].…”

“…Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ARCAPA) is a very rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of 0.002% [1], that is predominantly clinically silent and is usually diagnosed accidentally during selective coronarography for other reasons. Vieussens' arterial ring (VAR) is an abnormal connection between the conus branch of the right coronary artery (RCA) and the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery [2]. We report a case of a very rare association between ARCAPA, VAR, severe aortic stenosis (AS), and severe mitral regurgitation (MR).…”

A rare case of Vieussens’ arterial ring with multiple pulmonary fistulas and aneurysms

“…This structure can ensure the blood supply to a certain extent. Doğan et al (2) found that the detection rate of VAR to be only 3.19‰ through imaging studies. Moreover, in that study, the authors divided VAR into 4 types according to the different definitions of the VAR variants (Table 1).…”

Case Report: Congenital Coronary Artery Ring With Single Left Coronary Ostium and Fistula: A Previously Unreported Anatomy

“…Vieussens' arterial ring (VAR) is a rare anatomic variant and refers to the collateral pathway between the conus branches of the right and left coronary arterie that was first described by Raymond de Vieussens (18). Four subgroups of VAR were found and defined as a collateral pathway originating from the right anterior conus artery, a collateral pathway passing in front of the pulmonary artery, a collateral pathway connecting the right and a collateral pathway connecting the left coronary artery circulation: VAR accompanying with and without vascular pathology like aneurysm or fistula (Type 1B and 1A, respectively), with a short LAD branch (Type 2) and with a single coronary artery anomaly (Type 3) (19). In the presented case, the right main coronary artery was connected with the left conus branch via the collateral branch while the left circumflex was communicated with the right coronary artery thus forming a closed loop at the base of the heart (Figure 1D), which was unlike the subtypes of VAR and was a previously unreported anatomy.…”