Viewing distance and eyestrain symptoms with prolonged viewing of smartphones

Long, Jennifer; Cheung, Rene; Duong, Simon; Paynter, Rosemary; Asper, Lisa

doi:10.1111/cxo.12453

Cited by 139 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…There is evidence that 60 minutes continuous reading from a smartphone is associated with visual discomfort [21] and ocular surface disorders such as dry eye [48]. There also appears to be an association with hours of smartphone / computer use and dry eye in children [41] but this work only reports total hours use per day, not continuous use.…”

Section: Rest Breaksmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…There is evidence that the small size font displayed on handheld devices such as smartphones drives users to hold the device at a close viewing distance [20] and that this can contribute to visual discomfort [21].…”

Section: Size Of Display Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where one would hold a book to read) then general purpose progressive and bifocal lenses would be suitable for use, just as they are for reading books. The key difference between reading from hardcopy documents and reading from small devices such as smartphones is the viewing distance: hardcopy documents are typically held about 40cm from the eyes, whereas smartphones may be held at 35 cm or less [20,21]. Therefore, if an olderage worker reads from the phone at a close viewing distance, then they may require a stronger prescription in their spectacles to clearly see the display.…”

Section: Older Age Workersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There also appears to be an association with hours of smartphone / computer use and dry eye in children [41] but this work only reports total hours use per day, not continuous use. The impact of intermittent device use and multiple device use on visual comfort and ocular health and the maximum recommended use time requires further investigation [21,39].…”

Section: Rest Breaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The pitfalls of the traditional office ergonomics model in the current mobile work environment: Is visual ergonomics health literacy the remedy?

Long

Richter

2019

WOR

Self Cite

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Mobile technology has revolutionised how we work. It is now relatively easy to work anywhere and anytime, but this has placed the onus is on mobile (or flexible) workers to set up their own work environment for comfort and ease of use. Vision is an important driver of posture, and hence visual ergonomics principles are integral for setting up digital devices. If mobile workers do not have visual ergonomics knowledge, or are unable to apply visual ergonomics knowledge to appropriately set up their work environment, then they are at risk of developing visual-related occupational health issues due to exposure to adverse physical work environments. To address this potential health care issue, we propose the introduction of Visual Ergonomics Health Literacy. This would provide mobile workers (including school children) with the knowledge and skills to set up their work environment for comfort and ease of use, wherever they work. It is important to address this issue now before we have a widespread epidemic of discomfort and injury from not applying sound visual ergonomics principles to work environments.

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Section: Rest Breaksmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Size Of Display Charactersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Older Age Workersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rest Breaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The pitfalls of the traditional office ergonomics model in the current mobile work environment: Is visual ergonomics health literacy the remedy?

Long

Richter

2019

WOR

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It frequently appears in association with activities requiring near viewing such as reading and writing whereby eye accommodative and vergence processes are more intense [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decompensated esophoria and asthenopia correlated with electronic screens overuse in childhood: a case report

Co¹

2018

New Front Ophthalmol

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During the last years, the incidence of asthenopia is steadily increasing into the general population due to the concomitant growth and spread of electronic screens.Young people, who often keep their eyes glued to video games, cell phones and computers all day long, even at school, are particularly exposed to eye fatigue.Displays can exacerbate preexisting visual defects or eye motility anomalies, especially if uncorrected refractive errors or labil binocular vision coexist.Herein, the case of an 11-year-old boy complained about onset of progressive eyestrain and diplopia, especially at near.A full orthoptic and ophthalmological examination was performed, revealing latent hyperopia, asthenopia and decompensated esophoria associated to transient diplopia.The aim of this case report is to highlight the possible correlation between electronic devices abuse and binocular imbalance, underlining the possible complications and the orthoptic management.

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Digitized Visual Fatigue Detection for Humanizing Digital Work Environments

Kalra,

Karar

2022

Ergonomics for Design and Innovation

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Viewing distance and eyestrain symptoms with prolonged viewing of smartphones

Abstract: Viewing distances are closer and eyestrain symptoms are greater after reading from a smartphone for 60 minutes. The viewing distances measured were closer than those previously reported in the literature.

Cited by 139 publications

References 16 publications

The pitfalls of the traditional office ergonomics model in the current mobile work environment: Is visual ergonomics health literacy the remedy?

The pitfalls of the traditional office ergonomics model in the current mobile work environment: Is visual ergonomics health literacy the remedy?

Decompensated esophoria and asthenopia correlated with electronic screens overuse in childhood: a case report

Digitized Visual Fatigue Detection for Humanizing Digital Work Environments

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