Viewpoint matters: Exploring the involvement of reference frames in multiple object tracking from a developmental perspective

Brockhoff, Alisa; Papenmeier, Frank; Wolf, Kerstin; Pfeiffer, Till; Jahn, Georg; Huff, Markus

doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2015.10.004

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Even children as young as 6 months are able to keep track of objects moving synchronously on circular trajectories (Richardson & Kirkham, 2004). At the age of 6.5 years, children are able to track up to four moving objects (O'Hearn, Hoffman, & Landau, 2010;O'Hearn, Landau, & Hoffman, 2005; see also Brockhoff et al, 2016). Remarkably, even children suffering from autism spectrum disorders show a qualitatively similar pattern of development of object tracking as healthy children, although they reach the same quantitative level of tracking at a later biological age (Koldewyn, Weight, Kanwiyher, & Jiang, 2013; see also Griffith, Pennington, Wehner, & Rogers, 1999;Poirier, Martin, Gaigg, & Bowler, 2011).…”

Section: Development and Expertisementioning

confidence: 99%

Studying visual attention using the multiple object tracking paradigm: A tutorial review

Meyerhoff

Papenmeier

Huff

2017

Atten Percept Psychophys

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108

116

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Human observers are capable of tracking multiple objects among identical distractors based only on their spatiotemporal information. Since the first report of this ability in the seminal work of Pylyshyn and Storm (1988, Spatial Vision, 3, 179-197), multiple object tracking has attracted many researchers. A reason for this is that it is commonly argued that the attentional processes studied with the multiple object paradigm apparently match the attentional processing during real-world tasks such as driving or team sports. We argue that multiple object tracking provides a good mean to study the broader topic of continuous and dynamic visual attention. Indeed, several (partially contradicting) theories of attentive tracking have been proposed within the almost 30 years since its first report, and a large body of research has been conducted to test these theories. With regard to the richness and diversity of this literature, the aim of this tutorial review is to provide researchers who are new in the field of multiple object tracking with an overview over the multiple object tracking paradigm, its basic manipulations, as well as links to other paradigms investigating visual attention and working memory. Further, we aim at reviewing current theories of tracking as well as their empirical evidence. Finally, we review the state of the art in the most prominent research fields of multiple object tracking and how this research has helped to understand visual attention in dynamic settings.

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Section: Development and Expertisementioning

confidence: 99%

Studying visual attention using the multiple object tracking paradigm: A tutorial review

Meyerhoff

Papenmeier

Huff

2017

Atten Percept Psychophys

Self Cite

108

116

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“…Most interestingly for the current study, our findings revealed a main effect of age, indicating that tracking ability (or attentional capacity) increased with age, regardless of the type of grouping that was introduced. This result is in line with previous findings (Brockhoff et al ., ; Koldewyn, Weigelt, Kanwisher, & Jiang, ; Trick, Jaspers‐Fayer, & Sethi, ), which found tracking capacity in MOT to increase throughout childhood and adolescence. For instance, Trick et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Connection‐based and object‐based grouping in multiple‐object tracking: A developmental study

Hallen

Reusens

Evers

et al. 2018

British J of Dev Psycho

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Developmental research on Gestalt laws has previously revealed that, even as young as infancy, we are bound to group visual elements into unitary structures in accordance with a variety of organizational principles. Here, we focus on the developmental trajectory of both connection‐based and object‐based grouping, and investigate their impact on object formation in participants, aged 9–21 years old (N = 113), using a multiple‐object tracking paradigm. Results reveal a main effect of both age and grouping type, indicating that 9‐ to 21‐year‐olds are sensitive to both connection‐based and object‐based grouping interference, and tracking ability increases with age. In addition to its importance for typical development, these results provide an informative baseline to understand clinical aberrations in this regard. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? The origin of the Gestalt principles is still an ongoing debate: Are they innate, learned over time, or both?Developmental research has revealed how each Gestalt principle has its own trajectory and unique relationship to visual experience.Both connectedness and object‐based grouping play an important role in object formation during childhood. What does this study add? The study identifies how sensitivity to connectedness and object‐based grouping evolves in individuals, aged 9–21 years old.Using multiple‐object tracking, results reveal that the ability to track multiple objects increases with age.These results provide an informative baseline to understand clinical aberrations in different types of grouping.

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“…The neuronal changes observed during tracking of objects may also partly be accounted for by age-dependent differences in spatial processing abilities ( Jahn et al, 2012 ; Brockhoff et al, 2016 ). It has been shown that these abilities develop markedly during the age range examined here ( Stiles et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive Development of the Resolution of Selective Visuo-Spatial Attention: Functional MRI Evidence From Object Tracking

et al. 2018

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Our ability to select relevant information from the environment is limited by the resolution of attention – i.e., the minimum size of the region that can be selected. Neural mechanisms that underlie this limit and its development are not yet understood. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed during an object tracking task in 7- and 11-year-old children, and in young adults. Object tracking activated canonical fronto-parietal attention systems and motion-sensitive area MT in children as young as 7 years. Object tracking performance improved with age, together with stronger recruitment of parietal attention areas and a shift from low-level to higher-level visual areas. Increasing the required resolution of spatial attention – which was implemented by varying the distance between target and distractors in the object tracking task – led to activation increases in fronto-insular cortex, medial frontal cortex including anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and supplementary motor area, superior colliculi, and thalamus. This core circuitry for attentional precision was recruited by all age groups, but ACC showed an age-related activation reduction. Our results suggest that age-related improvements in selective visual attention and in the resolution of attention are characterized by an increased use of more functionally specialized brain regions during the course of development.

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Viewpoint matters: Exploring the involvement of reference frames in multiple object tracking from a developmental perspective

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Studying visual attention using the multiple object tracking paradigm: A tutorial review

Studying visual attention using the multiple object tracking paradigm: A tutorial review

Connection‐based and object‐based grouping in multiple‐object tracking: A developmental study

Neurocognitive Development of the Resolution of Selective Visuo-Spatial Attention: Functional MRI Evidence From Object Tracking

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