VIII.—The Effect of Weather Changes on Soil Temperatures

Abstract

The temperature of the air depends on so many varying factors that its prediction is a matter of considerable difficulty, and can only be made with any degree of certainty when the minimum number of these factors is at work. Underground temperatures are dependent not only on the same factors as affect the air temperature, but, in addition, are much more affected by conductivity, rainfall, evaporation, latent heat, etc., and thus the changes in temperature beneath the surface of the soil constitute a much more complex problem.

Permeability and voids influence on the thermal signal, as inferred by multitemporal UAV-based infrared and visible images

“…Many works report changes in soil temperature caused by percolating water, following rainfall or irrigation (Callendar (1895), Franklin (1921), Shul'gin et al (1958). Wierenga et al (1979) experimentally and numerically characterized the thermal effect of infiltration on the shallow subsurface.…”

Soil temperature profiles during infiltration and redistribution of cool and warm irrigation water

“…Callendar [1895] was one of the first to report changes in soil temperature caused by percolating water, Melting snow water caused a rapid drop in the temperature of a sandy soil which occurred almost simultaneously at all depths. Rapid changes in soil temperature following rainfall were observed by Franklin [1919] and Becker [1937]. Sarson [1960] reported that thawing of a snow cover caused soil temperature to fall 2.0øC at 1.20 meters and 4.7øC at 3 meters in a 48-hour period.…”

Prediction of temperature‐distribution in frozen soils

“…This eliminates the necessity of solving the transcendental equation (13). FRANKLIN [6] obtains surprisingly good experimental verification of computations performed by this method.…”