S VincristineAbducens nerve palsy and peripheral neuropathy in a child: case report A 4-year-old boy developed abducens nerve palsy and peripheral neuropathy following treatment with vincristine for Wilms' tumour.The boy presented with right esotropia. After diagnosis of Wilms' tumour of the right kidney, he was administered adjuvant vincristine 1.5 -2 mg/m 2 /dose [route and frequency not stated] following right nephrectomy. After his eleventh dose of vincristine, 9mg cumulative dose, right esotropia was observed, during the 16th week of chemotherapy. He was glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient. Physical examination showed a right, isolated, lateral rectus palsy; deep tendon reflex grading was unreliable. Tests showed the following values: WBC count 5100/mm 3 , platelet count 242 000/mm 3 and haemoglobin 11 g/dL. CSF examination revealed an acellular specimen. Nerve conduction velocity study showed mainly motor polyneuropathy consistent with axonal loss affecting the arms. Vincristine-induced neuropathy of the abducens nerve was suspected.Vincristine was withdrawn, and pyridoxine was initiated. The boy's esotropia regressed; after 8 months, mild residual esotropia was noted without any clinical symptoms of peripheral neuropathy or motor weakness.Author comment: "With the history of exposure to vincristine and the abnormal NCV, the cause of the abducens palsy in our patient was most likely to be vincristine-induced cranial neuropathy. The abnormal NCV study also depicted subclinical peripheral neuropathy." Panjawatanan P, et al. Vincristine-induced polyneuropathy in a child with stage I Wilms' tumour presenting with unilateral abducens nerve palsy. BMJ Case Reports : No.