Violence Against Women During COVID-19 Pandemic

Akel, Marwan; Berro, Jana; Rahme, Clara; Haddad, Chadia; Obeïd, Sahar; Hallit, Souheil

doi:10.1177/0886260521997953

Cited by 52 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Self-isolation, social distancing, limited access to help lines, low income and unemployment, psychiatric disorders are some of the risk factors related to Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) which were found to increase during the COVID-19 pandemic [ 46 , 47 ]. In addition, higher anxiety was found to be associated with higher total abuse scores during the pandemic in a cohort of 172 responders to a survey [ 48 ]. In addition, the vulnerability of stalking victims was found to be increased during lockdown [ 49 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality disorders (PD) and interpersonal violence (IV) during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review

et al. 2022

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Not only did the ongoing CoronaVIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic cause a massive number of casualties, but also there is growing concern that the burden of its psychological aftermaths will only show up years down the road. This systematic review summarises the existing literature reporting the impact of COVID-19 on personality disorders (PDs)-related violence. MEDLINE and APA PsycINFO were independently searched for relevant studies by two authors. Eligible studies had to be identifiable through database searching, published and fully accessible. This systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. An initial pool of 241 studies were found, out of which 69 met the selection criteria and were, therefore, included. The majority reported a worse Mental Health Outcome (MHO) during the pandemic as related to dysfunctional personality and positive personality traits predicting a better outcome. Furthermore, increased levels of interpersonal violence (IV) and self-directed violence were reported. Further research should be conducted on the reciprocal interaction of PDs and IV during the time of pandemic. Nevertheless, the dramatic impact of restrictive measures on PDs has still to be appropriately addressed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality disorders (PD) and interpersonal violence (IV) during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review

et al. 2022

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“…At an individual level, youth, lack of education, and low socio-economic status are known as risk factors for the violence [ 34 , 36 , 37 ], and the vulnerabilities multiplied for many women and girls as the pandemic unfolded. These include economic strain, which is strongly associated with psychological wellbeing and violence against women in cohabiting relationships [ 38 , 39 ], specifically the employment status of men [ 40 , 41 ]. Loss of income for women in abusive situations increases the difficulty of escape [ 17 , 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Based Violence in the Asia-Pacific Region during COVID-19: A Hidden Pandemic behind Closed Doors

Nagashima-Hayashi

Durrance-Bagale

Marzouk

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Since the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been reports of increased violence against women globally. We aimed to explore factors associated with reported increases in gender-based violence (GBV) during the pandemic in the Asia-Pacific region. We conducted 47 semi-structured interviews with experts working in sexual and reproductive health in 12 countries in the region. We analysed data thematically, using the socio-ecological framework of violence. Risks associated with increased GBV included economic strain, alcohol use and school closures, together with reduced access to health and social services. We highlight the need to address heightened risk factors, the importance of proactively identifying instances of GBV and protecting women and girls through establishing open and innovative communication channels, along with addressing underlying issues of gender inequality and social norms. Violence is exacerbated during public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Identifying and supporting women at risk, as well as preventing domestic violence during lockdowns and movement restrictions is an emerging challenge. Our findings can help inform the adoption of improved surveillance and research, as well as innovative interventions to prevent violence and detect and protect victims.

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“…Insecurity combines with enforced proximity with perpetrators of violence, 14 20 22 23 44 45 in small homes in urban informal settlements, amplifying the tension between family members and instances of domestic violence. 46 The global discussion tends to equate domestic violence with IPV, but violence by other family members is common in India. We have reported previously that other family members are responsible for around half of emotional violence against women in informal settlements in Mumbai.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersectional tension: a qualitative study of the effects of the COVID-19 response on survivors of violence against women in urban India

Huq¹,

Das

Devakumar³

et al. 2021

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesThere is a concern worldwide that efforts to address the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have affected the frequency and intensity of domestic violence against women. Residents of urban informal settlements faced particularly stringent conditions during the response in India. Counsellors spoke with registered survivors of domestic violence in Mumbai, with two objectives: to understand how the pandemic and subsequent lockdown had changed their needs and experiences, and to recommend programmatic responses.DesignQualitative interviews and framework analysis.SettingA non-government support programme for survivors of violence against women, providing services mainly for residents of informal settlements.ParticipantsDuring follow-up telephone counselling with survivors of violence against women who had previously registered for support and consented to the use of information in research, counsellors took verbal consent for additional questions about the effects of COVID-19 on their daily life, their ability to speak with someone, and their counselling preferences. Responses were recorded as written notes.ResultsThe major concerns of 586 clients interviewed between April and July 2020 were meeting basic needs (financial stress, interrupted livelihoods and food insecurity), confinement in small homes (family tensions and isolation with abusers) and limited mobility (power imbalances in the home and lack of opportunity for disclosure and stress relief). A major source of stress was the increased burden of unpaid domestic care, which fell largely on women.ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic has increased the burden of poverty and gendered unpaid care. Finance and food security are critical considerations for future response, which should consider inequality, financial support, prioritising continued availability of services for survivors of violence and expanding access to social networks. Decision-makers must be aware of the gendered, intersectional effects of interventions and must include residents of informal settlements who are survivors of domestic violence in the planning and implementation of public health strategies.

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Violence Against Women During COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 52 publications

References 56 publications

Personality disorders (PD) and interpersonal violence (IV) during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review

Personality disorders (PD) and interpersonal violence (IV) during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review

Gender-Based Violence in the Asia-Pacific Region during COVID-19: A Hidden Pandemic behind Closed Doors

Intersectional tension: a qualitative study of the effects of the COVID-19 response on survivors of violence against women in urban India

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