Violence Against Women: The Role of Welfare Reform, Final Report

Goodwin, Sandra Naylor; Chandler, Daniel; Meisel, Joan

doi:10.1037/e531652006-001

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The desire to leave an abusive relationship for the benefit of their children was a predominant theme in this study. The psychological and social impacts of childhood exposure to parental partner violence are well documented (Goodwin et al 2003;Holtzworth-Munroe et al 1997a, b), and the protective instincts behind leaving have been reported to be a strong motivating factor (Koepsell et al 2006). The finding in this study that women stay in violent relationships for the sake of their children has also been noted in other studies (Eckstein 2011;Kelly 2009;Rhodes et al 2010).…”

Section: External Factorssupporting

confidence: 76%

Why I Stayed/Left: An Analysis of Voices of Intimate Partner Violence on Social Media

2015

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A common response to intimate partner violence is to ask victims why they stay in the abusive relationship. Unfortunately this can have the effect of blaming or holding the victim responsible for the abuser's actions. Recently, social media brought attention to this issue following the highly publicized case of intimate partner violence (IPV) with NFL player Ray Rice and his fiancé. Twitter users responded to the media's perceived victim blaming by posting their own stories of why they stayed or left abusive relationships. The purpose of this study was to conduct a qualitative content analysis of these Twitter postings. The Twitter hashtags generated N = 676 responses (''whyIstayed'' n = 409; ''whyIleft'' n = 267) and these were examined to answer the following research questions:(1) what factors influence victims of IPV to stay in an abusive relationship? (2) What factors influence victims of IPV to leave an abusive relationship? 12 themes and 8 subthemes emerged that highlight the numerous factors that influence decisions about abusive relationships. Clinical implications and future research recommendations are discussed.

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Section: External Factorssupporting

confidence: 76%

Why I Stayed/Left: An Analysis of Voices of Intimate Partner Violence on Social Media

2015

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“…Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common form of violence against women globally. 1 It can lead to a wide range of negative health consequences including depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, 2 post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 3 drug and alcohol abuse, 1 injuries and even death. In addition, IPV has been linked to poor sexual and reproductive outcomes, negative behavioural and health outcomes for children, and intergenerational patterns of abuse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective prevention of intimate partner violence through couples training: a randomised controlled trial ofIndashyikirwain Rwanda

et al. 2020

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BackgroundBetween 2015 and 2018, three civil society organisations in Rwanda implemented Indashyikirwa, a four-part intervention designed to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV) among couples and within communities. We assessed the impact of the programme’s gender transformative curriculum for couples.MethodsSectors (n=28) were purposively selected based on density of village savings and loan association (VLSA) groups and randomised (with stratification by district) to either the full community-level Indashyikirwa programme (n=14) or VSLA-only control (n=14). Within each sector, 60 couples recruited from VSLAs received either a 21-session curriculum or VSLA as usual. No blinding was attempted. Primary outcomes were perpetration (for men) or experience (for women) of past-year physical/sexual IPV at 24 months post-baseline, hypothesised to be reduced in intervention versus control (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03477877).ResultsWe enrolled 828 women and 821 men in the intervention sectors and 832 women and 830 men in the control sectors; at endline, 815 women (98.4%) and 763 men (92.9%) in the intervention and 802 women (96.4%) and 773 men (93.1%) were available for intention-to-treat analysis. Women in the intervention compared with control were less likely to report physical and/or sexual IPV at 24 months (adjusted relative risk (aRR)=0.44, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.59). Men in the intervention compared with control were also significantly less likely to report perpetration of physical and/or sexual IPV at 24 months (aRR=0.54, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.75). Additional intervention benefits included reductions in acceptability of wife beating, conflict with partner, depression, and corporal punishment against children and improved conflict management, communication, trust, self-efficacy, self-rated health, household earnings, food security and actions to prevent IPV. There were no study-related harms.ConclusionsThe Indashyikirwa couples’ training curriculum was highly effective in reducing IPV among male/female couples in rural Rwanda. Scale-up and adaptation to similar settings should be considered.

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“…Three is also high rate of HIV and sexually transmitted illnesses in the homeless youth population [ 10 ]. Almost half the women reporting serious violence also meet the criteria for major depression; one-fourth for post-traumatic stress disorder [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of sexual violence among street females in Bahir-Dar town, North West Ethiopia: a mixed method study

Misganaw

Worku²

2013

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundSexual violence is a major public health concern as well as human rights violation. Homeless women are far more likely to experience violence of all sorts than women in general. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and consequence of rape, and explore the reasons and factors associated with rape among street females in Bahir-Dar town, North West Ethiopia.MethodsThis is a mixed method study which included: a survey of 395 street females age 15 – 49; key informant interview with 4 stakeholders; 5 case studies; one focus group of 10 street females and one focus group of 10 street males. Street females are those who spend most of their time on the street and who depend on the street for their life. Qualitative and quantitative data were assessed separately with thematic and statistical analysis respectively. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Bivariate and Multivariate analysis were determined.ResultsLife time prevalence of rape was 24.3% and the prevalence of rape in the last year was 11.4%. Factors like females “off” the street [OR (95% CI) =6.2 (3.0, 12.9)], being a prostitute [OR (95% CI) = 4.1 (1.5, 11.1)] and age 15–29 [OR (95% CI) =3.5 (1.1, 11.2)] were significantly associated with rape. Most, 93.8% of the rapes were not reported to legal bodies. None of the victims used condom during the rape event. Only, 4 (4.2%) of the victims used emergency contraceptive method following the rape event. Out of the total of 96 victims of rape, 13 (19.1%) and 9 (13.2%) experienced unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion respectively. Beside, 38 (41%) and 15 (22%) victims claimed genital injury and unusual vaginal discharge respectively. Psychological consequence like, hating others by 34 (35.8%), fear and concern for HIV/AIDS by 44 (46.6%), guilt feeling by 28 (29.4%) and loss of interest in sexual activity by 28 (29.4%) of victims were reported. Majority, 42.9% of victims attribute their victimization with sleeping in areas where there are many brothels. Being physically weak, long stay in street life, and sleeping around street males were reasons mentioned for rape by 11.9%, 29.7% and 15.4% of rape victims respectively.ConclusionIn general, there is a very high prevalence of rape exacting significant physical and psychological tolls in victims of the study. Therefore, timely and integrated actions of the various stakeholders working in this area are crucial to curtail this critical human rights violation.

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Violence Against Women: The Role of Welfare Reform, Final Report

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Why I Stayed/Left: An Analysis of Voices of Intimate Partner Violence on Social Media

Why I Stayed/Left: An Analysis of Voices of Intimate Partner Violence on Social Media

Effective prevention of intimate partner violence through couples training: a randomised controlled trial ofIndashyikirwain Rwanda

Assessment of sexual violence among street females in Bahir-Dar town, North West Ethiopia: a mixed method study

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