Violence and self-reported health: does individual socioeconomic position matter?

Winnersjö, Rocio; Soares, Joaquim; Macassa, Glória

doi:10.5249/jivr.v4i2.122

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In line with some previous researches [7, 39, 40], we also found that older age, socio-economic disadvantages, and geographical location were positively associated with somatic symptoms in this sample. It is noteworthy that the country of residence was a risk factor for some countries (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Lifetime abuse and somatic symptoms among older women and men in Europe

et al. 2019

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Background Research suggests that survivors of interpersonal violence have an increasing experience of bodily symptoms. This study aims to scrutinise the association between lifetime abuse and somatic symptoms among older women and men, considering demographics/socio-economic, social support and health variables. Methods A sample of 4,467 community-dwelling persons aged 60–84 years (57.3% women) living in seven European countries (Germany, Greece, Italy, Lithuania, Portugal, Spain, Sweden) was recruited for this cross-sectional study. Lifetime abuse (psychological, physical, sexual, financial and injury) was assessed on the basis of the UK study of elder abuse and the Conflict Tactics Scale-2, while somatic symptoms were assessed by the Giessen Complaint List short version. Results Women reported somatic symptoms more frequently than men. Multiple regression analyses revealed that lifetime exposure to psychological abuse was associated with higher levels of somatic symptoms among both women and men, while experiencing lifetime sexual abuse was associated with somatic symptoms only among older women, after adjusting for other demographic and socio-economic variables. Country of residence, older age, and low socio-economic status were other independent factors contributing to a higher level of somatic symptoms. Conclusions The positive association between the experience of abuse during lifetime and the reporting of higher levels of somatic symptoms, in particular among older women, seems to suggest that such complaints in later life might also be related to the experience of mistreatment and not only to ageing and related diseases. Violence prevention throughout lifetime could help to prevent somatic symptoms in later life.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Lifetime abuse and somatic symptoms among older women and men in Europe

et al. 2019

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“…However, we did not find significant association between the social group and SRH. In our study the professional qualification was not a determinant of SRH, although some publications present evidences about negative self-rated health of lower qualified and overqualified workers (13,18,23,28).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Social characteristics and their effect on self-rated health in persons over 18 years of age

Simeonova

Velkova

Kostadinova³

2015

Scripta Scientifica Salutis Publicae

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INTRODUCTION: Social stratification of people results from differences in education occupation and income, and it exposes the people from lower social classes to different health risks and deprives them of ability to control their health. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of individual social status on selfrated health (SRH). Two hypotheses were tested. First, if some social factors (education, financial resources and monthly income per family member) have direct effects on SRH. Second, if these social factors influence the relationships of psychological stress and some behavioral factors to SRH. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 90 persons over 18 years of age in 2013. Self-rated health, psychological stress, social status (education, income, property ownership, and qualification) and some behavioral characteristics (body-mass index and fresh vegetable intake) were studied by a semi-structured interview. Data were processed by SPSS.v.19. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis tests were used. Finally, Spearman rho test was applied to clarify the strength and direction of association between variables. RESULTS: Most of the interviewees (47.8%) assessed their health as good. Stratification by some basic social characteristics showed that 5.6% of them had elementary education, 12.4% were unemployed. One third of the group under study existed on monthly income less than 310 BGN, 30% defined their financial resources as insufficient, 16.6% lived in rented accommodation. Every third person reported a disparity between the current job position and the owned professional competences. Education and financial resources were the variables significantly associated with self-rated health-those with elementary education and those who had insufficient financial resources perceived their health negatively more often (р=0.001). Symmetrical distribution of poor SRH among the groups with lower incomes explained partly the lack of significant differences between groups (p=0.469). CONCLUSION: Education and financial resources were significantly associated with self-rated health among all studied social factors.

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“…But, it is not only upbringing that shapes the life course. There are a present environment being faced [82] , [99] , [111] , [112] , [115] , [116] , [117] and a past including an inheritance [76] , [118] , [119] . Different exposures in different time periods are intertwined in an accumulating fashion [28] , [83] , [85] , [99] , [112] , [120] or in certain critical periods [74] , [75] , [96] , [99] , [106] , [121] , [122] with potentially negative stress as outcomes [101] , [105] , [107] , [123] , [124] , [125] , [126] , [127] , [128] .…”

Section: Understanding the Complex Association Between Self-reported mentioning

confidence: 99%

A life course model of self-reported violence exposure and illhealth with a public health problem perspective

Olofsson¹

2014

AIMS Public Health

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Violence has probably always been part of the human experience. Its impact can be seen, in various forms, in all parts of the world. In 1996, WHO:s Forty-Ninth World Health Assembly adopted a resolution, declaring violence a major and growing public health problem around the world. Public health work centers around health promotion and disease prevention activities in the population and public health is an expression of the health status of the population taking into account both the level and the distribution of health. Exposure to violence can have many aspects, differing throughout the life course ― deprivation of autonomy, financial exploitation, psychological and physical neglect or abuse — but all types share common characteristics: the use of destructive force to control others by depriving them of safety, freedom, health and, in too many instances, life; the epidemic proportions of the problem, particularly among vulnerable groups; a devastating impact on individuals, families, neighborhoods, communities, and society. There is considerable evidence that stressful early life events influence a variety of physical and/or psychological health problems later in life. Childhood adversity has been linked to elevated rates of morbidity and mortality from number of chronic diseases. A model outlining potential biobehavioural pathways is put forward that may be a potential explanation of how exposure to violence among both men and women work as an important risk factor for ill health and should receive greater attention in public health work.

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Violence and self-reported health: does individual socioeconomic position matter?

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Lifetime abuse and somatic symptoms among older women and men in Europe

Lifetime abuse and somatic symptoms among older women and men in Europe

Social characteristics and their effect on self-rated health in persons over 18 years of age

A life course model of self-reported violence exposure and illhealth with a public health problem perspective

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