Violence During Pregnancy Among Women With or at Risk for HIV Infection

Koenig, Linda J.; Whitaker, Daniel J.; Royce, Rachel A.; Wilson, Tracey E.; Callahan, Michelle Renee; Fernández, M. Isabel

doi:10.2105/ajph.92.3.367

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(21 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Cohen and colleagues [42] reported no difference in 'lifetime prevalence of domestic violence' between women with HIV and those without, although they reported a strong relationship between CSA and HIV high-risk behaviours. Koenig et al [75] found that the proportion of pregnant women reporting violence was no higher among HIV-positive women than among HIV-negative women.…”

Section: Non-supportive Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reduced testing or disclosure of status HIV-testing and disclosure of status after testing may be influenced by GBV [73][74][75] (studies from the United States). Fear of violence reduces disclosure of HIV status [76] (study from the United States).…”

Section: Transactional Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A particular moment of vulnerability to unequal power relations is pregnancy [75]. Other important dynamics of unequal power are intergenerational sex and transactional sex.…”

Section: Transactional Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Gender-based violence and HIV: relevance for HIV prevention in hyperendemic countries of southern Africa

Andersson

Cockcroft²,

Shea³

2008

Aids

138

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gender-based violence (GBV) is common in southern Africa. Here we use GBV to include sexual and non-sexual physical violence, emotional abuse, and forms of child sexual abuse. A sizeable literature now links GBV and HIV infection.Sexual violence can lead to HIV infection directly, as trauma increases the risk of transmission. More importantly, GBV increases HIV risk indirectly. Victims of childhood sexual abuse are more likely to be HIV positive, and to have high risk behaviours.GBV perpetrators are at risk of HIV infection, as their victims have often been victimised before and have a high risk of infection. Including perpetrators and victims, perhaps one third of the southern African population is involved in the GBV-HIV dynamic.A randomised controlled trial of income enhancement and gender training reduced GBV and HIV risk behaviours, and a trial of a learning programme reported a non-significant reduction in HIV incidence and reduction of male risk behaviours (primary prevention). Interventions among survivors of GBV can reduce their HIV risk (secondary prevention). Various strategies can reduce spread of HIV from infected GBV survivors (tertiary prevention). Dealing with GBV could have an important effect on the HIV epidemic.A policy shift is necessary. HIV prevention policy should recognise the direct and indirect implications of GBV for HIV prevention, the importance of perpetrator dynamics, and that reduction of GBV should be part of HIV prevention programmes. Effective interventions are likely to include a structural component, and a GBV awareness component.

show abstract

Section: Non-supportive Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transactional Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gender-based violence and HIV: relevance for HIV prevention in hyperendemic countries of southern Africa

Andersson

Cockcroft²,

Shea³

2008

Aids

138

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The combined prevalence of IPV during pregnancy and/or postpartum was 10.6 % and did not differ by the women’s HIV status [58, 59]. HIV diagnosis during current pregnancy was actually associated with reduced risk [59].…”

Section: High-income Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health of HIV-Seropositive Women During Pregnancy and Postpartum Period: A Comprehensive Literature Review

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With growing numbers of HIV-seropositive (HIV+) women of child-bearing age and increased access to effective clinical protocols for preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, mental health-related factors have become increasingly relevant due to their potential to affect the women’s quality of life, obstetric outcomes and risk of MTCT. This review synthesizes evidence from 53 peer-reviewed publications examining mental health-related variables in pregnant and postpartum HIV+ women. The presentation of results is organized by the level of socioeconomic resources in the countries where studies were conducted (i.e., high-, middle-, and low-income countries). It is concluded that psychiatric symptoms, particularly depression, and mental health vulnerabilities (e.g., inadequate coping skills) are widespread among pregnant HIV+ women globally and have a potential to affect psychological well-being, quality of life and salient clinical outcomes. The current body of evidence provides rationale for developing and evaluating clinical and structural interventions aimed at improving mental health outcomes and their clinical correlates in pregnant HIV+ women.

show abstract

“…Routine perinatal care visits offer opportunities for healthcare professionals to screen and refer abused women to effective interventions (78)(79). Although there is importance given to intimate partner violence in pregnancy, a lack of time and clear recommendations for screenings often limit providers of antenatal services asking women specific information (19).…”

Section: The Perspective Of Health Staff and Interventions In Intimatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Violencia de la pareja íntima contra las mujeres en el embarazo: una lectura crítica con perspectiva de género

Lafaurie

2015

Rev. Colomb. Enferm.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper conducted a critical review from a gender perspective, identifying selected studies addressing intimate partner violence against women during pregnancy. Seventy-two studies from 23 countries between 1994 and 2013 were analyzed. Intimate partner violence in pregnancy is associated with obstetric and birth complications, mental health consequences, and effects on the newborn as low birth growth. Countries with lower human development scores show higher rates of these ramifications. Socio-demographic conditions such as educational level, social status, age and marital status appear associated. While in most countries pregnancy reduces partner violence, there are exceptions suggesting that it is not necessarily a protective factor. The significance given to motherhood and pregnancy in different social groups and the level of presence of patriarchal relations may offer an explanation for this phenomenon. Psychological violence is the most frequently reported. Research must strengthen the qualitative approach. Ongoing issues in contexts where intimate partner violence increase and where physical violence prevails during pregnancy require to be studied. It is imperative to train health providers to detect and prevent intimate partner violence. It is required to consider the empowerment of women as a central axis in sexual and reproductive health.Palabras clave: domestic violence, pregnancy, sexual and reproductive health. Artículo de RevisiónIntimate partner violence against women during pregnancy: a critical reading from a gender perspective Violencia de la pareja íntima contra las mujeres en el embarazo: una lectura crítica con perspectiva de género Violência por parceiro íntimo contra mulheres durante a gravidez: uma leitura crítica a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero have been implemented in the recognition of this issue are noted, that can guide future studies.Violence against women constitutes a violation of human rights. In the first article of the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women, the United Nations defines violence against women as 'any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical, sexual or psychological harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or in private life' (1). INTRODUCCIÓNThe study of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy represents a field of inquiry of crucial importance because violence involves women in the course of one of the most complex processes of their existence. Violence contributes to personal injuries, affects the fetus and impacts the newborn's health.Throughout this paper, conceptual issues that expand the understanding of this phenomenon are identified with particular emphasis in the field of sexual and reproductive health. Trends and research findings are described, and models and tools that RESUMOEste trabalho realiza uma análise crítica a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero, identificando estudos s...

show abstract

Violence During Pregnancy Among Women With or at Risk for HIV Infection

Abstract: Many HIV-infected pregnant women experience violence, but it is not typically attributable to their serostatus. Prenatal services should incorporate screening and counseling for all women at risk for violence.

Cited by 33 publications

References 38 publications

Gender-based violence and HIV: relevance for HIV prevention in hyperendemic countries of southern Africa

Gender-based violence and HIV: relevance for HIV prevention in hyperendemic countries of southern Africa

Mental Health of HIV-Seropositive Women During Pregnancy and Postpartum Period: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Violencia de la pareja íntima contra las mujeres en el embarazo: una lectura crítica con perspectiva de género

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About