Violence Exposure and Mental Health of Adolescents in Small Towns: An Exploratory Study

Lai, Daniel

doi:10.1007/bf03404503

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Conversely, there is evidence that stressful and harmful life events can negatively affect self-esteem. Lai (1999), in a study of rural Canadian adolescents documented a relationship between exposure to violence and problems in self-esteem.…”

Section: Self-conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Violence Exposure, Stress, Protective Factors and Behavioral Problems Among Inner‐City Youth

Youngstrom

Weist

Albus

2003

American J of Comm Psychol

104

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This study examined relationships between violence exposure, other stressors, family support, and self-concept on self-reported behavioral problems among 320 urban adolescents (aged 11-18) referred for mental health treatment. Overall, participants reported high levels of violence exposure, with a median of six past encounters with violence as a witness, victim, or through the experiences of associates. All forms of violence exposure (witnessing, being a victim, knowing of victims) were correlated with internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems for males and females. Total violence exposure predicted behavioral problems among participants, even after controlling for the effects of other risk, demographic and protective factors. Family support and self-concept moderated the influence of life stress and cumulative risk on problem behavior outcomes, but these protective variables did not significantly moderate violence exposure.

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Section: Self-conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Violence Exposure, Stress, Protective Factors and Behavioral Problems Among Inner‐City Youth

Youngstrom

Weist

Albus

2003

American J of Comm Psychol

104

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“…The 'storm and stress' concept of adolescent development depicts adolescence as a time of turmoil and angst (anxiety and depression), really derives from 18th and 19th century Romanticism and utilized in the developmental theories of psychoanalysis [4,5]. Erikson believed that the most important and the first conflict is faced by an adolescent in the life is an identity crisis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent violence: the genesis

Agarwal

Verma

et al. 2019

Int J Pediatr Res

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Introduction:Recently the "Blue Whale Experience" has put the adolescents on fire. The surge in adolescent violence has become a matter of great concern in the last few decades. The inter-personal conflict builds the foundation block, which generates the spark of violence, if it is not resolved in gentleman manner. A dance between genes and environmental experiences really shape the child's developing brain. A rapid period of brain development can be fostered by quality of responsiveness of caregivers and community environment. Numerous studies uncover a link between cognitive skills and adolescent violence. In the light of these facts this study was designed to know the environmental factors which correlate with the indulgence of violence. Material and Method: 480 students aged 10-18 years were surveyed regarding the indulgence in violence during last one year. The characteristics of different interacting environmental factors were also drilled. Results: The prevalence of violent act was 27.91% in which boys and girls were 13.75% and 14.16% respectively. Boys were outnumbered than girls as perpetrators while girls were victimized more. The interacting proximal environmental factors viz upper lower SES, mother and father education 2hr and academic failure which correlate with the indulgence in violence of students in our study point an inappropriate and low quality responsiveness. Which are perceived by the adolescents during their early years of life. These children react according to such memory and cognition in any situation inappropriately ie antisocially and indulge themselves in violence during their adolescence. They accept a socially disapproved ideology to form a negative identity formation. Discussion: These factors can be used at school level to mark the students at risk to offer the available preventive tools to achieve the best results.

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“…2001; Hayes 2002). The relationship between having been the victim of abuse and later offending behaviour is more often explored in research on non‐disabled populations; for example, adolescents who demonstrate high levels of violence are more likely to have been exposed to frequent violence at school, in the neighbourhood or at home, and to report more psychiatric symptoms, higher levels of depression and more problems with self‐esteem (Lai 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High levels of prior sexual and physical abuse in all offender groups, sexual and non-sexual offenders, as well as ID and non-disabled offenders are reported (Thompson 1997;McElroy et al 1999;Balogh et al 2001;Lindsay et al 2001;Hayes 2002). The relationship between having been the victim of abuse and later offending behaviour is more often explored in research on non-disabled populations; for example, adolescents who demonstrate high levels of violence are more likely to have been exposed to frequent violence at school, in the neighbourhood or at home, and to report more psychiatric symptoms, higher levels of depression and more problems with self-esteem (Lai 1999). Lindsay et al (2001), in a study of 46 sexual offenders with ID and 48 non-sexual offenders, show that a significantly higher proportion of the sex offenders report having been sexually abused in childhood (38% versus 12.7%), whilst the non-sexual offenders were significantly more likely to have been the victim of physical abuse in childhood (13% of sex offenders versus 33% of non-sex offenders).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Childhood Abuse, Psychological Symptoms and Subsequent Sex Offending

Hayes

2008

Research Intellect Disabil

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Background Childhood sexual and physical abuse has been related to subsequent offending behaviour in nondisabled individuals as well as people with intellectual disabilities, but there is a dearth of research examining the link between these two characteristics and psychological, behavioural and psychiatric symptoms amongst sex offenders with intellectual disabilities. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between childhood abuse, history of psychological and psychiatric symptoms, and patterns of violence in later offending. Methods Twenty sex offenders with intellectual disabilities were compared with 20 non-disabled sex offenders. The Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test, the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, and a structured clinical interview were administered to participants. Results Offenders with ID were more likely to report that they had been the victim of physical abuse during childhood; aggressive behaviour during adulthood was related to a history of having been the victim of childhood physical abuse, or exposure to family violence. Participants in the ID group were more likely to be diagnosed with depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and aggressive behaviour. A history of childhood exposure to violence was related to the development of later symptoms, for both ID and non-disabled offenders. Perpetrators with ID who had been physically abused during their developmental years were significantly more likely to threaten or use violence during the offence. Conclusions The study suggests that childhood abuse may be related to severity of the crime, and to the development of later psychological and psychiatric symptoms. Longitudinal research in this area and a larger sample size are needed to clarify and extend the present findings.

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Violence Exposure and Mental Health of Adolescents in Small Towns: An Exploratory Study

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Exploring Violence Exposure, Stress, Protective Factors and Behavioral Problems Among Inner‐City Youth

Exploring Violence Exposure, Stress, Protective Factors and Behavioral Problems Among Inner‐City Youth

Adolescent violence: the genesis

The Relationship Between Childhood Abuse, Psychological Symptoms and Subsequent Sex Offending

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