Violence within mental health services: how to enhance risk management

O’Rourke, Margaret; Wrigley, Conal; Hammond, Seán

doi:10.2147/rmhp.s131834

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For instance, in the United States, the rates of physical mistreatment against physicians and nurses were 16.2 per 1,000 and 21.9 per 1,000 employees, respectively. 5 Furthermore, around 34.5% of emergency practitioners experience physical mistreatment, 71.6% of them encounter verbal abuse, and 44.4% report being bullied annually in one Iranian medical center. 6 Apparently, WPB occurs because of a triad that constitutes a vulnerable victim, a bystander and a non-deterred perpetrator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Prevalence of Workplace Bullying and Its Associated Factors at a Multi-Regional Saudi Arabian Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Al-Surimi

Omar

Alahmary

et al. 2020

RMHP

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Background Workplace bullying (WPB) refers to any form of repeated and unreasonable verbal, physical or sexual harassment that an employee endures by a person or a group. In healthcare settings, practitioners are occasionally victims of WPB incidents. The aim of this study was to survey victims of WPB and determine factors associated with being a victim of WPB at a multiregional health care facility in Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018, by distributing a self-administered questionnaire via a private electronic mail to all fulltime healthcare practitioners within a multi-regional hospital in Saudi Arabia. Healthcare practitioners included physicians, nurses, allied healthcare professionals and pharmacists who reported being exposed to WPB in the past year. Study outcomes were the prevalence rate ratio of WPB and its associated factors, such as victim, perpetrator and incident characteristics. Results WPB has been reported by 684 participants. Perpetrators were mainly patients (36.1%), their families/relatives (29.5%), and hospital staff (27.2%) or managers/supervisors (7.2%). The type of WPB incident was mostly verbal abuse (98.1%) followed by physical harassment (11.8%) and sexual connotations (5.8%). WPB was 30% more prevalent among younger nurses and 24% less prevalent among higher educated nurses compared to their counter groups, P<0.001 each. Among technicians and administrative employees, WPB was 54% more prevalent among females, 36% more prevalent among the younger group, and 25% more prevalent among expatriate workers compared to their counter groups P<0.014, P<0.001 and P=0.017, respectively. WPB was 20% less prevalent among higher educated allied health professionals, P=0.002. Among physicians, WPB was 33% more prevalent among females, P=0.041 and was 47% more prevalent among higher educated physicians compared to their counter groups, P=0.018. Conclusion WPB might occur any time, anywhere and by any person within health care facilities. The prevalence of WPB varies within health occupational groups. Gender, age, educational level, and nationality were significantly associated factors with WPB.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Prevalence of Workplace Bullying and Its Associated Factors at a Multi-Regional Saudi Arabian Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Al-Surimi

Omar

Alahmary

et al. 2020

RMHP

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“…2015; O’Rourke et al . 2018) and recognized as having serious consequences for the psychological well‐being of staff (Lanctot & Guay, 2014; Stevenson et al . 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting mental health staff following exposure to occupational violence – staff perceptions of ‘peer’ support

Bakes-Denman

Mansfield

Meehan

2020

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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Mental health professionals frequently work in environments where stressful, unpredictable, and potentially volatile situations can arise. Staff responses to these, often violent events, can be severe and enduring. Psychological first aid provided by a colleague following exposure to such violence is gaining increasing acceptance as a means of assisting affected individuals. However, there has been little attention to how staff perceive this support. In this study, interviews were conducted with 13 staff employed in a secure facility and thematically analysed using content analysis. Four content themes emerged: responding to emotional distress, empowering staff through practical support, the good provider, and resilience. The results indicate that staff value and benefit from receiving support from peers following exposure to occupational violence. Most would access peer support again and would consider recommending it to others. A small number choose not to engage with the programme and the reasons for this are also discussed. This type of peer support could be applied in other high‐risk workplaces as a key element of an integrated and comprehensive workplace violence prevention and management strategy.

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“…The literature highlights the aggressiveness and violence of patients in hospitals and particularly the risk associated with psychiatric patients. (21,22,26,27,28) We have analysed the cases of physician homicides linked to the doctor-patient professional relationship, both within and outside clinical settings. The sample we examined supports more complex re ections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seven Things to Know About The Homicides of Doctors. A Review of 30 Years From Italy.

Lorettu

Nivoli

Daga

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background. Healthcare workers have a 16 times greater risk of suffering workplace violence than workers in other sectors and around 50% experience workplace violence in the course of their career. The objective of this study is to explore the characteristics and circumstances of work-related killings of doctors. Methods. Work-related homicides of doctors over the period 1988-2019 were identified retrospectively through the Italian national statistical agencies. Variables such as perpetrator, motive and location of the crime were obtained through forensic psychiatric work. After classification, the absolute and percent values of the main characteristics of the homicides were calculated. Results. Over the period considered, 21 doctors were killed in Italy in connection with their professional activity. In 52% (n=11) of cases, the killer was one of the doctor’s patients, in 29% (n=6) of cases it was a patient’s relative, in 19% (n=4) an occasional patient (first consultation). The location of the homicide was a community clinic in 48% (n=10) of cases, the street in 19% (n=4) of cases, the doctor’s home in 14% (n=3), the hospital in 14% (n=3) and the patient’s home in 5% (n=1). In 57% (n=12) of cases the perpetrator was not affected by any mental disorders. The motive for the homicide was revenge without previous threats in 52.4% (n=11) of cases; in 28.6% (n=6) the revenge was preceded by stalking. Conclusions. Doctors should be aware that the risk of being killed is not limited to hospital settings and that their patients’ family members might also pose a threat to them.

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Violence within mental health services: how to enhance risk management

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

<p>Prevalence of Workplace Bullying and Its Associated Factors at a Multi-Regional Saudi Arabian Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

<p>Prevalence of Workplace Bullying and Its Associated Factors at a Multi-Regional Saudi Arabian Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study</p>

Supporting mental health staff following exposure to occupational violence – staff perceptions of ‘peer’ support

Seven Things to Know About The Homicides of Doctors. A Review of 30 Years From Italy.

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