Violent Death Among Recently Released Prison Inmates: Stories Behind the Numbers

Scheyett, Anna; Morgan, Candice; Lize, Steven E.; Proescholdbell, Scott; Norwood, Tammy; Edwards, David A.

doi:10.1080/1936928x.2013.837419

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For example, several studies found that demographic and circumstantial details in the narratives were insufficient for case identification and characterization of death incidents. (Scheyett et al 2013 ; Frazier et al 2017 ; Briker et al 2019 ; Fraga Rizo et al 2021 ) Sensitive topics such as child maltreatment, intimate partner homicides, and legal intervention deaths, while routinely collected by the NVDRS, are limited to the information provided by the source documents and interpretations of the abstractors. (Lord 2014 ; Brown and Seals 2019 ; Hunter et al 2022 ) The second challenge relates to information variation within the NVDRS system, such as discrepancies between different data sources (e.g., C/ME and LE reports) and variations in reporting, coding, abstraction, completeness, and contents of text narratives and NVDRS across states.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research utility and limitations of textual data in the National Violent Death Reporting System: a scoping review and recommendations

Dang,

Kahsay,

James

et al. 2023

Inj. Epidemiol.

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Background Many studies of injury deaths rely on mortality data that contain limited contextual information about decedents. The National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) is unique among such data systems in that each observation includes both quantitative variables and qualitative texts (called “narratives”) abstracted from original source documents. These narratives provide rich data regarding salient circumstances that can be used to inform prevention efforts. This review provides a comprehensive summary of peer-reviewed research using NVDRS narratives over the past 20 years, including the limitations of these texts and provides recommendations on utilizing and improving narrative quality for researchers and practitioners. Main body Studies that used narratives to examine deaths related to suicide, homicide, undetermined intent, accidental firearm, or legal intervention were identified by a title/abstract screening, followed by a full-text review. The search was conducted on English-language, peer-reviewed literature and government reports published from 2002 to 2022 in PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Abstracted elements focused on the methodologies used to analyze the narratives, including approaches to explore potential biases in these texts. Articles were abstracted independently by two reviewers, with disagreements resolved through consensus discussion. During the 20-year period, 111 articles used narratives. Two-thirds studied suicide (n = 48, 43%) and homicides (n = 25, 23%). Most studies analyzed the narratives using manual review (n = 81, 73%) and keyword searches (n = 9, 8%), with only 6 (5%) using machine learning tools. Narratives were mainly used for case finding (n = 49, 44%) and characterization of circumstances around deaths (n = 38, 34%). Common challenges included variability in the narratives and lack of relevant circumstantial details for case characterization. Conclusion Although the use of narratives has increased over time, these efforts would be enhanced by detailed abstraction of circumstances with greater salience to injury research and prevention. Moreover, researchers and practitioners would benefit from guidance on integrating narratives with quantitative variables and standardized approaches to address variability in the completeness and length of narratives. Such efforts will increase the reliability of findings and set the stage for more widespread applications of data science methods to these texts.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research utility and limitations of textual data in the National Violent Death Reporting System: a scoping review and recommendations

Dang,

Kahsay,

James

et al. 2023

Inj. Epidemiol.

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“…Diverse criminological studies have shown evidence that both homicide offending and victimization are often an outgrowth of a lifestyle that is reflective of a broader involvement in various antisocial acts (Behnken et al, 2011;Drury and DeLisi, 2011;Loeber et al, 2017;Trulson et al, 2012). For instance, Scheyett et al (2013) tracked mortality patterns of felons recently released from prison in the Eastern USA and found that 64 percent of the violent deaths of prison releasees were homicides. The homicides primarily occurred as the result of an altercation that was part of ongoing criminal activity.…”

Section: Homicide and Criminal Lifestylementioning

confidence: 99%

The homicide circumplex: a new conceptual model and empirical examination

DeLisi

Drury²,

Elbert³

2018

JCP

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Purpose Homicide is the most severe form of crime and one that imposes the greatest societal costs. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the homicide circumplex, a set of traits, behaviors, psychological and psychiatric features that are associated with greater homicidal ideation, homicidal social cognitive biases, homicide offending and victimization, and psychopathology that is facilitative of homicide. Design/methodology/approach Using the data from a near population of federal supervised release offenders from the Midwestern USA, ANOVA, multinomial logistic, Poisson and negative binomial regression models were developed. Findings Greater homicidal ideation is associated with homicide offending, attempted homicide offending and attempted homicide victimization and predicted by gang activity, alias usage, antisocial personality disorder and intermittent explosive disorder. These behavioral disorders, more extensive criminal careers, African American status and gang activity also exhibited significant associations with dimensions of the homicide circumplex. Originality/value Developing behavioral profiles of offenders that exhibit homicidal ideation and behaviors are critical for identifying clients at greatest risk for lethal violence. The homicide circumplex is an innovation toward the goal that requires additional empirical validation.

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“…To date, only one study, which included adults released from prison in the US, has examined the circumstances of violence-related death among people involved in the criminal justice system [ 5 ]. This study found that common circumstances included being involved in a crime, or an argument with a person known to the deceased, before death [ 5 ]. To our knowledge, no previous studies have examined the circumstances of violence-related deaths among justice-involved young people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circumstances and toxicology of violence-related deaths among young people who have had contact with the youth justice system: a data linkage study

et al. 2021

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Background Young people who have had contact with the youth justice system have an increased risk of dying from violence. Examining the context of violence-related deaths is essential in informing prevention strategies. We examined the circumstances and toxicology of violence-related deaths among young people who have had contact with the youth justice system in Queensland, Australia. Methods This data linkage study linked youth justice records from Queensland, Australia (30 June 1993-1 July 2014) on 48,670 young people to national death and coroner records (1 July 2000-1 January 2017). Circumstances and toxicology of deaths were coded from coroner’s records. We calculated the incidence of violence-related deaths that were reported to a coroner. Fisher’s exact tests were used to examine crude differences in the circumstances and toxicology of violence-related death, according to sex and Indigenous status. Results There were 982 deaths reported to a coroner in the cohort. Of which, 36 (4%) were from violence-related causes (incidence: 6 per 100,000 person-years, 95% confidence interval: 4-8). People who died from violence were most frequently male (n = 28/36; 78%), and almost half were Indigenous (n = 16/36; 44%). The majority of violence-related deaths involved a weapon (n = 24/36; 67%), most commonly a knife (n = 17/36; 47%). Compared to men where the violent incident was most frequently preceded by an altercation (n = 12/28; 43%), for women it was frequently preceded by a relationship breakdown or argument (n < 5; p = 0.004). Substances most commonly present in toxicology reports were cannabis (n = 16/23; 70%) and alcohol (n = 15/23; 65%). Conclusions Therapeutic alcohol and other drug programs, both in the community and detention, are likely important for reducing violence-related deaths among young people who have had contact with the youth justice system. The majority of violence-related deaths among women were in the context of intimate partner violence, indicating the urgent need for interventions that prevent intimate partner violence in this population. Diversion programs and increased investment in health and social services may reduce the overrepresentation of Indigenous people in the youth justice system and in violence-related deaths.

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Violent Death Among Recently Released Prison Inmates: Stories Behind the Numbers

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Research utility and limitations of textual data in the National Violent Death Reporting System: a scoping review and recommendations

Research utility and limitations of textual data in the National Violent Death Reporting System: a scoping review and recommendations

The homicide circumplex: a new conceptual model and empirical examination

Circumstances and toxicology of violence-related deaths among young people who have had contact with the youth justice system: a data linkage study

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