Violent Video Games, Sexist Video Games, and the Law: Why Can't We Find Effects?

Ferguson, Christopher J.

doi:10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-101317-031036

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…However, scientific debates and press about whether the behavior infringing social norms in the virtual world will influence the behavior of off-line is becoming more and more active since 2000. And the degree of agreement between researchers is very low: only approximately 10-39.5% [12]. The work [13, p. 33] indicates that "the observation of the effect video game violence rather speculative and hypothetical than being built on a solid base of scientific evidence".…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Norms in Virtual Worlds of Computer Games

Bylieva¹,

Nam²

2019

Proceedings of the International Conference Communicative Strategies of Information Society (CSIS 2018)

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Immersing in the virtual world of the Internet, information and communication technologies are changing the human being. In spite of the apparent similarity of on-line and off-line, social laws of their existence are different. According to the analysis of games, based on the violation of the accepted laws of the world off-line, their censoring, as well as the cheating, features of formation and violations of social norms in virtual worlds were formulated. Although the creators of the games have priority in the standardization of the virtual world, society as well as players can have impact on it to reduce the realism. The violation of the prescribed rules by a player is regarded as cheating. And it is subjected to sanctions, but the attitude toward it is ambiguous, sometimes positive. Some rules are formed as a result of the interaction between players.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Norms in Virtual Worlds of Computer Games

Bylieva¹,

Nam²

2019

Proceedings of the International Conference Communicative Strategies of Information Society (CSIS 2018)

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“…The debate about videogames and the freedom of expression has been grounded in understanding videogames as a representational medium. As previously mentioned, the US Supreme Court concluded in 2011 that games are to be understood as a cultural expressive form that holds full protection rights as a medium of expression (Ferguson 2018, 61; Hakimi 2019, 2–3). While the interactive properties of games were acknowledged, the court concluded that interaction simply is to be understood as a more intense form of involvement compared to traditional media, and that videogames for this reason are not in essence different from other media of representation (Hakimi 2019, 2; Petersen 2014, 171).…”

Section: Understanding Videogames and The Freedom Of Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Viewed as the most recent advancement on an evolutionary cultural timeline of representational media, we can start the discussion of videogames as an expressive medium by addressing the arguments used for judging other artistic expressions such as visual art, literature, and film (Hakimi 2019, 7). While research has not been able to determine that violent game representations are in themselves directly harmful (Elson & Ferguson 2014; Ferguson 2018), game scholar Marcus Schulzke argues that games that incite violence or deliver threats indeed may have the potential to cause psychological harm. An example is the first-person shooter game Ethnic Cleansing (Resistance Records 2002), in which players take the role of white supremacists violently attacking minority groups.…”

Section: Videogames As a Representational Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

Whose Expression Is It Anyway? Videogames and the Freedom of Expression

Jørgensen

Mortensen

2022

Games and Culture

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In debates concerning videogames and the freedom of expression, two lines of argumentation have traditionally been put forward: That games express ideas and for this reason are entitled to the same protection as other expressive media or that their interactive nature makes them different in how they reflect the world compared to other media. This paper adds nuance to this discussion through two arguments. First, we argue that videogames cannot be understood as mainly expressive or interactive, but that these characteristics must be understood in tandem if we are to understand the role of videogames in culture and society, connected by the player. Second, we argue that play and playfulness are ignored in debates about videogames and the freedom of expression, and that attention towards the playful aspects offers a better view of how videogames differ from other media and what this means for the status of expressions in videogames.

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“…Many studies show that video games can be very helpful in education across different age groups and comprehension levels [44,35,2,32,27]. However, Others point out that video games can cause many problems in terms of health, time wasting, and, even, violence crimes [3,17,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep learning for video game genre classification

Jiang¹,

Zheng²

2020

Preprint

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Video game covers and textual descriptions are usually the very first impression to its consumers and they often convey important information about the video games. Video game genre classification based on its cover and textual description would be utterly beneficial to many modern identification, collocation, and retrieval systems. At the same time, it is also an extremely challenging task due to the following reasons: First, there exists a wide variety of video game genres, many of which are not concretely defined. Second, video game covers vary in many different ways such as colors, styles, textual information, etc, even for games of the same genre. Third, cover designs and textual descriptions may vary due to many external factors such as country, culture, target reader populations, etc. With the growing competitiveness in the video game industry, the cover designers and typographers push the cover designs to its limit in the hope of attracting sales. The computer-based automatic video game genre classification systems become a particularly exciting research topic in recent years.In this paper, we propose a multi-modal deep learning framework to solve this problem. The contribution of this paper is four-fold. First, we compiles a large dataset consisting of 50,000 video games from 21 genres made of cover images, description text, and title text and the genre information. Second, image-based and text-based, state-of-the-art models are evaluated thoroughly for the task of genre classification for video games. Third, we developed an efficient and

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Violent Video Games, Sexist Video Games, and the Law: Why Can't We Find Effects?

Cited by 19 publications

References 52 publications

Social Norms in Virtual Worlds of Computer Games

Social Norms in Virtual Worlds of Computer Games

Whose Expression Is It Anyway? Videogames and the Freedom of Expression

Deep learning for video game genre classification

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