Viral aetiology of acute lower respiratory tract illness in hospitalised paediatric patients of a tertiary hospital: One year prospective study

Singh, Ajay Kumar; Jain, Amita; Jain, Bhawana; Singh, K. P.; Dangi, Tanushree; Mohan, Madan; Dwivedi, Manish Kumar; Kumar, Rashmi; Kushwaha, Rashmi; Singh, Jitendra; Mishra, Anurag; Chhaddha,

doi:10.4103/0255-0857.124288

Cited by 41 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The results from another study revealed similar pattern with a total of 11.8 per cent children infected with parainfluenza viruses16. However, an Indian study reported no positivity of HPIV1-4 in hospitalized children with ALRI20. A total of 22 (19.5%) co-infections were identified in the present study which was identical with an earlier study20.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…However, an Indian study reported no positivity of HPIV1-4 in hospitalized children with ALRI20. A total of 22 (19.5%) co-infections were identified in the present study which was identical with an earlier study20. The frequency of respiratory viral co-infections varied widely in different studies globally (10 - 41%)22232425.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Rhinovirus positivity in the present study varied when compared to earlier study which reported 18.4 per cent in hospitalized patients with varying degree of respiratory illness18, whereas the positivity of the adenovirus was similar with earlier studies which reported between 6.72 and 10.2 per cent219 in patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) and lower respiratory infection (LRI). The presence of RSV in the present study was found to be low (4.41%) when compared with other studies reporting 13.1-21.3 per cent220 in patients with different degrees of respiratory illness and acute LRI. The reason might be due to low number of children enrolled in the age group of 0-12 months as RSV infection was more common in them.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

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Viruses causing severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in children ≤5 years of age at a tertiary care hospital in Rajasthan, India

Malhotra¹,

Swamy²,

Reddy³

et al. 2016

Indian Journal of Medical Research

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Background & objectives:Severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) is one of the leading causes of death among children worldwide. As different respiratory viruses exhibit similar symptoms, simultaneous detection of these viruses in a single reaction mixture can save time and cost. The present study was done in a tertiary care children's hospital for rapid identification of viruses causing SARI among children less than or equal to five years of age using multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) kit.Methods:A total of 155 throat swabs were collected from equal number of children suspected to have SARI and processed for extraction of nucleic acids using automated extraction system. Multiplex real-time RT-PCR was done to identify the viruses in the samples.Results:The overall positivity for viruses in the study was found to be 72.9 per cent with a co-infection rate of 19.5 per cent. Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) was the predominant virus detected in 25.7 per cent children followed by influenza A (H1N1)pdm09, human rhinovirus (HRV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) in 19.9, 11.0 and 8.8 per cent children, respectively. The HMPV was at its peak in February 2013, HAdV showed two peaks in March-April, 2012 and November 2012-March 2013 while HRV was detected throughout the year.Interpretation & conclusions:Multiplex real-time PCR helped in rapid identification of viruses. Seventeen viruses were detected in SARI cases with overall positivity of 72.9 per cent. HMPV was the most predominant virus. However, for better clinico-virological correlation, studies are required with complete work up of all the aetiological agents, clinical profile of patients and treatment outcome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

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Viruses causing severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in children ≤5 years of age at a tertiary care hospital in Rajasthan, India

Malhotra¹,

Swamy²,

Reddy³

et al. 2016

Indian Journal of Medical Research

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“…A recent meta–analysis estimated 3.4 million hospitalizations and 66 000–199 000 RSV–associated deaths among children <5 years of age with ALRI, with 99% of the deaths occurring in developing countries [ 5 ]. While there are some studies on burden of pneumonia and viral etiology in India and other developing countries [ 2 , 6 ], recent data from a community–based and hospital–based studies have further emphasized the importance of RSV among children <5 years of age [ 7 - 9 ].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of case definitions for estimation of respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalizations among children in a rural community of northern India

Saha

Pandey

Choudekar

et al. 2015

Journal of Global Health

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BackgroundThe burden estimation studies for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) have been based on varied case definitions, including case–definitions designed for influenza surveillance systems. We used all medical admissions among children aged 0–59 months to study the effect of case definitions on estimation of RSV–associated hospitalizations rates.MethodsThe hospital–based daily surveillance enrolled children aged 0–59 months admitted with acute medical conditions from July 2009–December 2012, from a well–defined rural population in Ballabgarh in northern India. All study participants were examined and nasal and throat swabs taken for testing by real–time polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) for RSV and influenza virus. Clinical data were used to retrospectively evaluate World Health Organization (WHO) case definitions (2011) commonly used for surveillance of respiratory pathogens, ie, acute respiratory illness (WHO–ARI), severe ARI (SARI) and influenza–like illness (ILI), for determination of RSV–associated hospitalization. RSV–associated hospitalization rates adjusted for admissions at non–study hospitals were calculated.FindingsOut of 505 children enrolled, 82 (16.2%) tested positive for RSV. Annual incidence rates of RSV–associated hospitalization per 1000 children were highest among infants aged 0–5 months (15.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 8.3–26.8), followed by ages 6–23 months (5.3, 95% CI 3.2–8.7) and lowest among children 24–59 months (0.5, 95% CI 0.1–1.5). The RSV positive children were more likely to have signs of respiratory distress like wheeze, chest in–drawing, tachypnea, and crepitation compared to RSV–negative based on bivariate comparisons. Other less commonly seen signs of respiratory distress, ie, nasal flaring, grunting, accessory muscle usage were also significantly associated with being RSV positive. Compared to the estimated RSV hospitalization rate based on all medical hospitalizations, the WHO–ARI case definition captured 86% of the total incidence, while case definitions requiring fever like ILI and SARI underestimated the incidence by 50–80%.ConclusionsOur study suggests that RSV is a substantial cause of hospitalization among children aged <24months especially those aged <6 months. The WHO–ARI case definition appeared to be the most suitable screening definition for RSV surveillance because of its high sensitivity.

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“…The genome was extracted from the samples using NucliSENS easyMAG. RNaseP content, quantified by qRT-PCR, served as an indicator of the amount of human genome remaining in the sample 31 . All samples in which the RNaseP was above 35 Ct qRT-PCR were pooled together.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method to identify respiratory virus infections in clinical samples using next-generation sequencing

Kustin

Ling

Sharabi

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Respiratory virus infections are very common. Such infections impose an enormous economic burden and occasionally lead to death. Furthermore, every few decades, respiratory virus pandemics emerge, putting the entire world population at risk. Thus, there is an urgent need to quickly and precisely identify the infecting agent in a clinical setting. However, in many patients with influenza-like symptoms (ILS) the identity of the underlying pathogen remains unknown. In addition, it takes time and effort to individually identify the virus responsible for the ILS. Here, we present a new next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based method that enables rapid and robust identification of pathogens in a pool of clinical samples without the need for specific primers. The method is aimed at rapidly uncovering a potentially common pathogen affecting many samples with an unidentified source of disease.

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Viral aetiology of acute lower respiratory tract illness in hospitalised paediatric patients of a tertiary hospital: One year prospective study

Abstract: The occurrence of viral predominance in ALRI is highlighted.

Cited by 41 publications

References 18 publications

Viruses causing severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in children ≤5 years of age at a tertiary care hospital in Rajasthan, India

Viruses causing severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in children ≤5 years of age at a tertiary care hospital in Rajasthan, India

Evaluation of case definitions for estimation of respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalizations among children in a rural community of northern India

A method to identify respiratory virus infections in clinical samples using next-generation sequencing

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