Viral and bacterial aetiologies of epithelial ovarian cancer

Shanmughapriya, Santhanam; Senthilkumar, G.; Vinodhini, K; Das, Bhudev C.; Vasanthi, N. S.; Natarajaseenivasan, Kalimuthusamy

doi:10.1007/s10096-012-1570-5

Cited by 114 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Anti-chlamydial IgG has been associated with type II ovarian cancer (P=0.002) in women with plasma samples obtained >1 year prior to diagnosis (n=7) 41. Positive 42 and negative 43 reports of the detection of chlamydial DNA in tumor tissue specimens have been published. Should future studies validate these still equivocal findings, women with a history of ascended chlamydial infection may be at increased risk for neoplasia.…”

Section: Genitourinary Tract Infeciton Disease and Reproductive Sequmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infections

O’Connell¹,

Ferone²

2016

MIC

174

153

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Etiology, transmission and protection: Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) globally. However, C. trachomatis also causes trachoma in endemic areas, mostly Africa and the Middle East, and is a leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. Epidemiology, incidence and prevalence: The World Health Organization estimates 131 million new cases of C. trachomatis genital infection occur annually. Globally, infection is most prevalent in young women and men (14-25 years), likely driven by asymptomatic infection, inadequate partner treatment and delayed development of protective immunity. Pathology/Symptomatology: C. trachomatis infects susceptible squamocolumnar or transitional epithelial cells, leading to cervicitis in women and urethritis in men. Symptoms are often mild or absent but ascending infection in some women may lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID), resulting in reproductive sequelae such as ectopic pregnancy, infertility and chronic pelvic pain. Complications of infection in men include epididymitis and reactive arthritis. Molecular mechanisms of infection: Chlamydiae manipulate an array of host processes to support their obligate intracellular developmental cycle. This leads to activation of signaling pathways resulting in disproportionate influx of innate cells and the release of tissue damaging proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Treatment and curability: Uncomplicated urogenital infection is treated with azithromycin (1 g, single dose) or doxycycline (100 mg twice daily x 7 days). However, antimicrobial treatment does not ameliorate established disease. Drug resistance is rare but treatment failures have been described. Development of an effective vaccine that protects against upper tract disease or that limits transmission remains an important goal.

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Section: Genitourinary Tract Infeciton Disease and Reproductive Sequmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infections

O’Connell¹,

Ferone²

2016

MIC

174

153

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“…Most accepted is the link between Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer (Polk and Peek, 2010). Mycobacterium tuberculosis has also been associated with lung cancer (Kuo et al, 2013), while Chlamydia trachomatis (Arnheim Dahlströ m et al, 2011;Koskela et al, 2000;Shanmughapriya et al, 2012) and Chlamydia pneumonia have been linked to cervical and lung cancer, respectively (Chaturvedi et al, 2010;Zhan et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Salmonella Manipulation of Host Signaling Pathways Provokes Cellular Transformation Associated with Gallbladder Carcinoma

Scanu

Spaapen

Bakker

et al. 2015

Cell Host & Microbe

219

213

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Cancer is fueled by deregulation of signaling pathways in control of cellular growth and proliferation. These pathways are also targeted by infectious pathogens en route to establishing infection. Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is frequent in the Indian subcontinent, with chronic Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi infection reported as a significant risk factor. However, direct association and causal mechanisms between Salmonella Typhi infection and GBC have not been established. Deconstructing the epidemiological association between GBC and Salmonella Typhi infection, we show that Salmonella enterica induces malignant transformation in predisposed mice, murine gallbladder organoids, and fibroblasts, with TP53 mutations and c-MYC amplification. Mechanistically, activation of MAPK and AKT pathways, mediated by Salmonella enterica effectors secreted during infection, is critical to both ignite and sustain transformation, consistent with observations in GBC patients from India. Collectively, our findings indicate that Salmonella enterica can promote transformation of genetically predisposed cells and is a causative agent of GBC.

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“…In a recent study, HCMV-Glycoprotein B (gB) DNA was detected in 50% of ovarian cancers. [14] HCMV is a member of the herpes virus family with a worldwide seroprevalence of 50–100%. The virus infects many cell types and can establish latency in myeloid progenitor cells or specifically in CD34 + cells [15], [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and its Immune Response on Survival of Patients with Ovarian Cancer

Rådestad¹,

Estekizadeh²,

Cui³

et al. 2018

Translational Oncology

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been detected in various types of tumors. We studied the prevalence of HCMV in ovarian cancer and its relation to clinical outcome. Paraffin-embedded tissues obtained prospectively from 45 patients with ovarian cancer and 30 patients with benign ovarian cystadenoma were analyzed for expression of HCMV immediate-early protein (IE) and HCMV tegument protein (pp65) by immunohistochemistry. Plasma was analyzed for HCMV serology. HCMV-IgG levels were higher in patients with ovarian cancer or benign cystadenoma than in age-matched controls (P = .002, P < .0001, respectively). HCMV IgM was detected in 12% of ovarian cancer patients and 3% of patients with benign tumors but was absent in controls. In patients with ovarian cancer, higher IgG levels were associated with better outcomes (P = .04). Extensive HCMV-IE protein expression was detected in 75% of ovarian cancers and 26% of benign tumors; pp65 was detected in 67% of ovarian cancers and 14% of benign tumors. A higher grade of HCMV infection was associated with higher stage of disease. Extensive HCMV-pp65 expression was associated with shorter median overall survival than focal expression (39 versus 42.5 months, P = .03). At study closure, 58% of ovarian cancer patients with focal pp65 expression were alive versus 27% of patients with extensive pp65 expression (P = .03). Thus, HCMV proteins are detected at different levels in ovarian tumors and benign cystadenomas. Ovarian cancer patients with focal HCMV-pp65 expression in their tumors and high IgG levels against HCMV lived longer, highlighting a need for in-depth studies of the oncomodulatory role of HCMV in ovarian cancer.

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Viral and bacterial aetiologies of epithelial ovarian cancer

Cited by 114 publications

References 32 publications

Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infections

Chlamydia trachomatis Genital Infections

Salmonella Manipulation of Host Signaling Pathways Provokes Cellular Transformation Associated with Gallbladder Carcinoma

Impact of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and its Immune Response on Survival of Patients with Ovarian Cancer

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