Viral diseases of the Ostrich (<i>Struthio camelus var. domesticus</i>)

Cooper, Ronald A.; Horbańczuk, J.O.; Fujihara, Noború

doi:10.1111/j.1740-0929.2004.00161.x

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The aim of the present review is to discuss bacterial, fungal and parasitic diseases afflicting the ostrich. It forms an extension of an earlier paper on viral infections (Cooper et al . 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections in the ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus)

Cooper¹

2005

Animal Science Journal

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The ostrich is susceptible to microorganisms of bacterial, fungal and parasitic origin. Anthrax, caused by Bacillus anthracis , is dangerous to other livestock and humans. Salmonella is transmitted from rodents or wild bird reservoirs. Pausterellosis caused by Pasteurella multocida results in air sac infections in ostriches. Colibacillosis is caused by Escherichia coli . Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium avium , is very rare in ostriches. Aspergillosis principally afflicts chicks. Zygomycosis, a secondary fungal infection of the upper gastrointestinal tract, is caused by Basidia , Mucor and Rhizopus . Leucocytozoon struthionis and Plasmodium spp. are harmless protozoa transmitted from flying arthropods. The tapeworm, Houttuynia struthionis , is dangerous in young ostriches. The adult ratite fluke ( Philophthalmus gralli ) is transmitted to ostriches following ingestion of infected freshwater crustaceans. Tick infestations of ostrich skin in Africa include Amblyomma spp., Haemaphysalis punctata , Hyalomma spp., Rhipicephalus turanicus and Argus spp. The ostrich quillmite ( Pterolichus bicaudatus ) and louse ( Struthioliperus struthionus ) may lower skin and leather quality via pruritis and/or excessive preening and feather loss. Nemododa infections are rare.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections in the ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus)

Cooper¹

2005

Animal Science Journal

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“…The antibody against CCHF was extracted from six out of the nine ostriches the patient had worked with [14]. In another outbreak amongst ostrich slaughterhouse workers in South Africa in 1996, 17 people contracted CCHF [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Ostriches in Iran

Mostafavi

Chinikar²,

Moradi³

et al. 2013

TOVJ

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Abstract:Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonosis, which is usually transmitted via tick bites or close contact with infected blood or tissue. This disease can cause a case fatality rate of up to 25%-30% in humans. CCHF Infection in birds is less documented. An ostrich can reproduce viruses and can also play the role of a mechanical vector, by transporting infected ticks without becoming ill. In March 2007, three butchers and one worker in an ostrich farm were infected with CCHF in central part of Iran. Considering the role ostriches play in transmitting the disease, serum samples from five ostriches of that farm were taken and sent to the laboratory for CCHF ELISA tests. The result of the IgG test was positive for one (20%) of the ostriches. At the same time, serum samples of eight sheep from the same farm were sent for IgG testing, two (25%) of which were positive. This was the first report of CCHF infection of an ostrich in Iran and tracing CCHF IgG against this ostrich and the afore-mentioned sheep may have revealed that the disease in the worker was the cause of transmission of this disease from these animals or their ticks.

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“…Horses, donkeys, pigs, rhinoceroses, giraffes, buffalos and other mammals (e.g., hedgehogs, hares, dogs, mice) have also tested positive for CCHV antibodies. The majority of tested bird species were shown to be CCHFV serologically negative; however, antibodies have been found in ostriches, and these animals have become viremic after experimental inoculation [ 160 ]. A blue-helmeted guinea fowl (experimentally infected), as well as magpies, red-beaked hornbills, and shiny starlings, were all found positive for the CCHFV genome and/or antibodies.…”

Section: Zoonotic Maintenance Of Cchfvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Asia, Africa and Europe

et al. 2021

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The global spread of ticks and various tick-borne viruses (TBVs) suggests the possibility of new tick-borne diseases emerging. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is an emerging TBV of the Nairoviridae family that causes serious disease that can be fatal in humans. CCHFV endemic foci can be found in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and South-Eastern Europe, and has spread to previously unaffected regions and nations, such as Spain, over the last two decades. In this review, we discuss the current situation of CCHFV in Asia, Africa and Europe based on existing knowledge, and we discuss driving factors in the distribution and transmission of the virus, such as the spread of tick vector species and host reservoirs.

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Viral diseases of the Ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus)

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections in the ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus)

Bacterial, fungal and parasitic infections in the ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus)

A Case Report of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Ostriches in Iran

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Asia, Africa and Europe

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