Viral diseases of the rabbit

Abstract

Viral disease in the rabbit is encountered infrequently by the clinical practitioner; however, several viral diseases were reported to occur in this species. Viral diseases that are described in the rabbit primarily may affect the integument, gastrointestinal tract or, central nervous system or maybe multi-systemic in nature. Rabbit viral diseases range from oral papillomatosis, with benign clinical signs, to rabbit hemorrhagic disease and myxomatosis, which may result in significant clinical disease and mortality. The wild rabbit may serve as a reservoir for disease transmission for many of these viral agents. In general, treatment of viral disease in the rabbit is supportive in nature.

Dermatologic Diseases

“…27,42 This disease is transmitted through arthropod bites (mosquito, gnat, fly, flea, fur mite), on spiny thistles and birds' feet, and by direct contact. 27,42 This disease is transmitted through arthropod bites (mosquito, gnat, fly, flea, fur mite), on spiny thistles and birds' feet, and by direct contact.…”

“…3,33,42,55,74 The natural host of the poxvirus is the Eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus). 3,33,42,55,74 The natural host of the poxvirus is the Eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus).…”

Myxoma virus in the European rabbit: interactions between the virus and its susceptible host

“…The pathogen-host relationship between MV and the European rabbit has been well characterized [46,48] and is an excellent model to study the mechanisms by which a large DNA virus can use its genetic repertoire to manipulate the host immune response during viral infection. Successful viral replication can be attributed to the ability of the MV to avoid recognition and clearance by the host innate and acquired immune systems of the infected rabbit [47,87].…”

Novel picornavirus in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus var. domestica)

“…domestica); however, Equine rhinoviruses 1, and 2 and Seneca Valley virus can be cultured in rabbit derived cell lines (Knowles et al, 2012;Wutz et al, 1996). In rabbits, the most familiar viral diseases are the viral skin diseases myxomatosis (myxoma virus), shope fibromatosis (rabbit fibroma virus) and rabbitpox (rabbitpox virus), all pathogens belonging to the family Poxviridae (Krogstad et al, 2005;Meredith, 2013;Kerr and Donelly, 2013). The shope and oral papillomatosis are less frequent skin disease of rabbits caused by cottontail papillomavirus (Papillomaviridae) (Krogstad et al, 2005;Meredith, 2013;Kerr and Donelly, 2013).…”

“…In rabbits, the most familiar viral diseases are the viral skin diseases myxomatosis (myxoma virus), shope fibromatosis (rabbit fibroma virus) and rabbitpox (rabbitpox virus), all pathogens belonging to the family Poxviridae (Krogstad et al, 2005;Meredith, 2013;Kerr and Donelly, 2013). The shope and oral papillomatosis are less frequent skin disease of rabbits caused by cottontail papillomavirus (Papillomaviridae) (Krogstad et al, 2005;Meredith, 2013;Kerr and Donelly, 2013). The enteric viruses in rabbits include rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (genus Lagovirus, family Caliciviridae), lapine rotaviruses, enteric coronaviruses, astroviruses, bocaparvoviruses and hepatitis E virus (Martella et al, 2011;Meredith, 2013;Kerr and Donelly, 2013;Lanave et al, 2015;Xia et al, 2015).…”