Viral encephalitis complicated by neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a 7-year-old girl

The neuroleptic malignant syndrome: A report of 14 cases from North India

“…The majority of patients who developed NMS encephalitic illness with NMS. [12,13] One patient developed were male (64.28%) and were below 40 years of age NMS on the background of alcoholism; it could be as a (85.7%). Similar findings were noticed early by Chopra result of increased susceptibility of the skeletal muscle to neuroleptics under the effect of alcohol as postulated in in the early stage.…”

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Due to Risperidone Overdose in a Child: A Case Report

“…NMS is reported to occur twice as frequently in males and to be much more common in adults compared to children (10,11). The rare occurrence of NMS cases in childhood could be due to the less frequent neuroleptic drug use in this age group (12). However, case reports of NMS development in children and adolescents following the use of drugs such as olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, risperidone, and alimemazine have increased in recent years (4,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”

Acute psychosis followed by fever: Malignant neuroleptic syndrome or viral encephalitis?

“…The presented patient developed a clinical picture of NMS within 24 h after the administration of the typical antipsychotic, haloperidol, in the daily dose of 30 mg. Information about the occurence of a strong headache and cough in early stages of the disease required a detailed examination of the patient, because the differential diagnose raised the question whether NMS masked the primary CNS infectious disease 3,4,14 . For this reason and also because of the lymphocytic pleocytosis (8 limphocytes/mm 3 -on the day 10 from the start of the treatment), the patient was thoroughly neurologically and infectologically examined (lumbar puncture, serological analysis CSF, CT, MRI, EEG).…”

“…In the psychiatric clinical practice, it is sometimes very difficult to differentiate an organic acute psychotic reaction from neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) 1 to the applied antipsychotic drug therapy 3,4 . However, acute viral encephalitis, whose clinical picture primarily includes pronounced psychiatric phenomenology, constitutes a particular problem.…”

“…Acute viral encephalitis is a non-purulent inflamatory disease of the brain, most commonly caused by Herpes simplex viruses -type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2), enteroviruses, or arboviruses 4 . The onset is abrupt, acute and followed by high temperature and headache.…”