Viral etiology in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection in the Kegalle area of Sri Lanka

Muthulingam, Aathavan; Noordeen, F.; Morel, A. J.

doi:10.3233/jpi-140432

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…24 Among children aged £ 3 years hospitalized with respiratory illness in the Sabaragamuwa Province, 32% had respiratory virus, with 90% being RSV and the remainder being PIV and influenza. 25 Interestingly, in our study in the southern province, influenza was the most common respiratory virus identified, even among children aged < 5 years. This finding is likely because of our cohort including patients with AFI rather than solely respiratory illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Respiratory Viral Infection: An Underappreciated Cause of Acute Febrile Illness Admissions in Southern Sri Lanka

Tillekeratne

Bodinayake

Simmons³

et al. 2019

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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The contribution of respiratory viruses to acute febrile illness (AFI) burden is poorly characterized. We describe the prevalence, seasonality, and clinical features of respiratory viral infection among AFI admissions in Sri Lanka. We enrolled AFI patients ³ 1 year of age admitted to a tertiary care hospital in southern Sri Lanka, June 2012-October 2014. We collected epidemiologic/clinical data and a nasal or nasopharyngeal sample that was tested using polymerase chain reaction (Luminex NxTAG, Austin, TX). We determined associations between weather data and respiratory viral activity using the Spearman correlation and assessed respiratory virus seasonality using a Program for Appropriate Technology definition. Bivariable and multivariable regression analyses were conducted to identify features associated with respiratory virus detection. Among 964 patients, median age was 26.2 years (interquartile range 14.6-39.9) and 646 (67.0%) were male. One-fifth (203, 21.1%) had respiratory virus detected: 13.9% influenza, 1.4% human enterovirus/ rhinovirus, 1.4% parainfluenza virus, 1.1% respiratory syncytial virus, and 1.1% human metapneumovirus. Patients with respiratory virus identified were younger (median 9.8 versus 27.7 years, P < 0.001) and more likely to have respiratory signs and symptoms. Influenza A and respiratory viral activity peaked in February-June each year. Maximum daily temperature was associated with influenza and respiratory viral activity (P = 0.03 each). Patients with respiratory virus were as likely as others to be prescribed antibiotics (55.2% versus 52.6%, P = 0.51), and none reported prior influenza vaccination. Respiratory viral infection was a common cause of AFI. Improved access to vaccines and respiratory diagnostics may help reduce disease burden and inappropriate antibiotic use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Respiratory Viral Infection: An Underappreciated Cause of Acute Febrile Illness Admissions in Southern Sri Lanka

Tillekeratne

Bodinayake

Simmons³

et al. 2019

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…In Hong Kong, RSV-associated hospitalization has been described in children < 5 years. 64 In Japan, RSV-associated LRTI occurred in 31.4% of a sample of 535 children aged < 3 years. 47 In Lanzhou, China, RSV was detected in 40.71% of the children with ARTI.…”

Section: Rsv-associated Disease Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of RSV-Associated Respiratory Disease on Children in Asia

Divarathne

Rafeek

Noordeen

2018

J Pediatr Infect Dis

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Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are leading contributors to the global infectious disease burden, which is estimated to be 112,900,000 disability adjusted life years. Viruses contribute to the etiology of ARTIs in a big way compared with other microorganisms. Since the discovery of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) 61 years ago, the virus has been recognized as a major cause of ARTI and hospitalization in children. The morbidity and mortality attributable to RSV infection appear to be higher in infants < 3 months and in those with known risk factors such as prematurity, chronic lung, and congenital heart diseases. Crowded living conditions, exposure to tobacco smoke, and industrial or other types of air pollution also increase the risk of RSV-associated ARTI. Many epidemiological studies have been conducted in developed countries to understand the seasonal patterns and risk factors associated with RSV infections. Dearth of information on RSV-associated morbidity and mortality in Asian and developing countries indicates the need for regional reviews to evaluate RSV-associated disease burden in these countries. Epidemiological studies including surveillance is the key to track the disease burden including risk factors, seasonality, morbidity, and mortality associated with RSV infection in these countries. These data will contribute to improve the clinical diagnosis and plan preventive strategies in resource-limited developing countries.

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Section: Rsv-associated Disease Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…67 In Bhaktapur, Nepal, RSV infections were detected in 15.1% of the study sample, 58 and in India RSV accounted for 57% of ARTI cases. 64 In Bangladesh, RSV has been identified as the predominant (81%) viral pathogen causing pneumonia in children in rural areas. 60 In urban areas of Bangladesh, the overall incidence of RSVassociated pneumonia is 40/100 child years.…”

Section: Rsv-associated Disease Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2019

J Pediatr Infect Dis

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IntroductionAcute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) is one of the major health issues in infants and children in the world causing morbidity and mortality with an estimated global disease burden of 112,900,000 disability adjusted life years. 1 Respiratory illness is the most common reason for consulting general practitioners and hospitalization in children and adults. 2 For example, in the United States, the incidence of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) among children under 5 years of age is high contributing to 19% of hospitalizations in the general population of children. 3 In developed countries, ARTI rarely causes mortality but contributes to direct and indirect health costs; however, ARTI causes severe morbidity and mortality in developing countries. 4 In the latter, one-third of the deaths in children < 5 years of age are caused by respiratory illness, 5,6 which is 30 to 70 times higher than that reported in developed countries. 7 ARTI-associated morbidity is also high in developing countries due to malnutrition, low birth weight, passive smoking, absence of breastfeeding, low socioeconomic, and overcrowded living conditions. 8 Viruses contribute to a larger proportion of ARTI-associated morbidity and hospitalizations globally. Around 50 to 90% of the LRTI in young children are caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), influenza viruses, human bocavirus (hBoV), parainfluenza viruses (PIVs), adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, human coronavirus (hCoV), and enteroviruses (►Table 1). 8,9 In 1956, RSV was isolated from Keywords ► acute respiratory tract infections ► respiratory syncytial virus ► epidemiology ► children

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Viral etiology in hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection in the Kegalle area of Sri Lanka

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Respiratory Viral Infection: An Underappreciated Cause of Acute Febrile Illness Admissions in Southern Sri Lanka

Respiratory Viral Infection: An Underappreciated Cause of Acute Febrile Illness Admissions in Southern Sri Lanka

The Impact of RSV-Associated Respiratory Disease on Children in Asia

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