Viral hepatitis risk in urban emergency medical services personnel

Pepe, Paul E.; Hollinger, F. Blaine; Troisi, Catherine L; Heiberg, Dorothy

doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(86)80187-1

Cited by 39 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The rapid transport of pulseless patients who are pronounced dead on arrival to the ED unnecessarily exposes prehospital personnel to the risk of bloodborne illnesses 14 and to collision risks associated with rapid transportation. 15 In addition, providing futile care unnecessarily consumes resources that may be limited; for example, in rural areas, only a few ambulances may serve a large area.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Triage of the Pulseless Trauma Patient

et al. 1999

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Triage of the Pulseless Trauma Patient

et al. 1999

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“…36 Hasta kanı/vücut sıvısı maruziyeti yaşayan ça-lışanların %25'i hepatit B'ye karşı aşılanmamış, %2,7'si hepatit B hastası/portörüdür (p=0,606). Tıbbi yardım alan 37 kişinin %64,9'u maruziyeti takiben kan tetkiklerine baktırmış, %10,8'i maruziyet sonrası profilaksi amaçlı antimikrobiyal madde kullan- 18 Paramediklerle yapılan bir ça-lışmada, 56 hepatit B'li çalışanın 13'ünde hepatit B'nin mesleki maruziyet sonucunda geliştiği tespit edilmiştir. 37 Woodruff ve ark.nın araştırmasında, AS çalışanlarında hepatit B prevalansı %7,8'dir.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Nitekim bu alanda yapılan sınırlı sayıdaki çalışmalar, ambulans servisi çalışanlarının mesleksel enfeksiyon riskinin yüksekliğini doğrular niteliktedir. 17,18 Ayşe AKBIYIK ve ark.…”

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Health Situation and Risk of Occupational Infection Among Ambulance Service Workers

Akbıyık¹,

Esen²

2016

Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs

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Ö ÖZ ZE ET T AAm ma aç ç: : Ambulans Servisi (AS) çalışanlarının sağlığının ve mesleksel enfeksiyon riskinin değer-lendirmesidir. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Kesitsel özellikte olan bu araştırma, Haziran-Eylül 2010 tarihleri arasında İzmir'deki 243 AS çalışanı ile yapılmıştır. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : AS'de çalıştığı süre zarfında sağlık taramasından geçen çalışan oranı %33,74 olup, %32,1'i hepatit B, %21,4'ü hepatit C, %19,8'i HIV, %6,2'si tüberküloz yönünden sağlık taraması yaptırmıştır. Çalışanların %96,7'si tetanoz-difteriye, %66,3'ü kı-zamığa, %67,5'i kızamıkçık-kabakulak-suçiçeğine ve %94,7'si tüberküloza karşı aşılanmıştır. Domuz gribi ve mevsimsel gribe karşı aşılanan çalışan oranı sırasıyla %25,5 ve %23,5'tir. Hepatit B hastası ya da portörü olduğunu bildiren çalışan oranı %4,1'dir. %25,5 oranında çalışan hepatit B'ye karşı aşılan-mamıştır. Çalışanların %23'ü perkütan yaralanma ve %34,2'si mukozal membran maruziyeti yaşamış-tır. Kan ve vücut sıvısı maruziyeti yaşayan çalışanların (n=110) %25'inin hepatit B'ye karşı aşılanmadığı, %2,7'sinin hasta ya da portör olduğu tespit edilmiştir. %96,7 oranında çalışan yaşadık-ları ya da yaşayacakları maruziyeti raporlayacakları "maruziyet kayıt formunun" bulunmadığını ifade etmiştir. S So on nu uç ç: : Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda, enfeksiyon riski oldukça yüksek olan AS çalışanlarına "sağlık personelinde enfeksiyon önleme ve kontrolü" ile ilgili girişimlerin yeterli dü-zeyde uygulanmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu noktada, Türkiye'de diğer ülkelerde olduğu gibi, AS çalışan-larının sağlık durumlarını ve mesleksel enfeksiyon risklerini değerlendirecek çalışmaların yapılması, enfeksiyon önleme ve kontrolü ile ilgili gerekli girişimlerin uygulanması önerilmektedir. Re es su ul lt ts s: : 33.4% of AS workers underwent health screening (32.1% for hepatitis B, 21.4% for hepatitis C, 19.8% for HIV and 6.2% for tuberculosis). 96.7% of the workers were vaccinated against tetanus-diphteria, 66.3% against measles, 67.5% against mumps-rubella-varicella and 94.7% against tuberculosis. The rates of the workers, who were vaccinated against swine-orgine-influenza and seasonal influenza, respectively were 25.5% and 23.5%. 4.1% of the workers reported that they were patients/carriers of hepatitis B. 25.5 % of the workers were unvaccinated against hepatitis B. 23% of workers experienced needlestick injuries and 34.2% experienced mucosal membrane exposure. It was found that 25% of the workers, who experienced blood-body-fluid exposure (n=110) were unvaccinated against hepatitis B and 2.7% were patients/carriers. 96.7% of the workers were stated that they haven't got any "the registration form of exposure" their reported occupational exposure. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : According to the results obtained from the study it was found that initiatives about "infection prevention and control in health care workers" were not sufficiently applied to AS workers who had high infection risk. At this point, suggest that like other countries, in Tur...

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“…Merchant et al (2009) found that the proportions of AS workers who had received medical treatment due to percutaneous injury and exposure to blood or body fluids were 34.5% and 10.5% respectively (Merchant et al 2009). In another study, 338 AS workers were examined for HBV markers, and 13% of them had HBV, and a strong relationship was determined between the HBV infection and the years of exposure (Pepe et al 1986). Boal et al (2005) calculated the anti-HCV prevalence of AS workers as 0.9-2.8% (Boal, Hales, and Ross 2005).…”

Section: Infection Prevention and Control For As Staffmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AS staff are a high risk group because of working condition such as the obligation to perform medical procedures while the ambulance is moving, lack of knowledge of the patient's disease history (Porter/patient HBV, HCV, HIV etc. ), intervention in traumatic injuries, having to carry out a medical intervention in a confined space or a dark environment, and limited time for decontamination of the contaminated medical equipment and patient's cabin (Becker et al 2003;Boal, Hales, and Ross 2005; Gershon et al 1985;Hochreiter and Barton 1988;Merchant et al 2009;Pepe et al 1986;Reed et al 1993;Valenzuela et al 1985). Some researchers have pointed out that microorganisms in the patient's cabin and on the surfaces of the medical equipment could become a serious source of infection transmission (Andersen et al 2006;Kanz 1981;Nigam and Cutter 2003a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The infection prevention and control practices of the ambulance service

2017

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Objective: The aim of this research was to comprehensively evaluate the infection prevention and control practices of the ambulance service. Methods: This cross section survey was carried out in Izmir between June and September 2010. The study sample consisted of 213 ambulance service workers and all the emergency and rescue station buildings and ambulances. A questionnaire and two check-list forms were used as a means of data collection. Results: According to the employees' responses, an average of 25 (24.86±4.09) of 40 items of infection prevention and control criteria that are required to be met for the ambulance service were met, while 15 were not. In the observations, it was found that the infection prevention and control criteria for ambulances were met at an average of 32.96±5.22 out of 40. It was found that 33 out of 50 items of the criteria for infection prevention and control in ambulances were met while 17 were not. According to observations, an average of 6 (5.88±1.52) of 17 items of infection prevention and control criteria for emergency and rescue station buildings, were met while 11 were not. Conclusion: The questionnaire responses given by the ambulance personnel and observations made by the researchers in the ambulances and emergency and rescue station buildings suggest that the criteria set for infection prevention and control practices were not met at a satisfactory level, which meant the infection prevention and control practices were not sufficient. It is advised that an IPC guideline should be prepared to include standards and procedures to be followed by ambulance service personnel.Keywords: Emergency medical service; ambulance; ambulance; infection prevention and control practices; decontamination. Akbıyık, A., Esen Türeyen, A., & Özinel, M. A. (2017). The infection prevention and control practices of the ambulance service. Journal of Human Sciences, 14(2), 1225Sciences, 14(2), -1241.3943 IntroductionToday, infection prevention and control (IPC) practices recognized as a quality standard in healthcare institutions are more hospital-based. On the other hand, IPC practices in pre-hospital emergency medical service (EMS) also known as the ambulance service (AS), which is one of the healthcare institutions, have been ignored (Alves and Bissell 2008; Noh et al. 2011a;Ro et al. 2012).As in all health institutions, three components of the AS -the healthcare worker, the patient and the unit where the patient is transported -carry a risk of transmission of infectious agents. AS staff are a high risk group because of working condition such as the obligation to perform medical procedures while the ambulance is moving, lack of knowledge of the patient's disease history (Porter/patient HBV, HCV, HIV etc.), intervention in traumatic injuries, having to carry out a medical intervention in a confined space or a dark environment, and limited time for decontamination of the contaminated medical equipment and patient's cabin (Becker et al. 2003;Boal, Hales, and Ross 2005; Gershon et al. 1985;Hochr...

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Viral hepatitis risk in urban emergency medical services personnel

Cited by 39 publications

References 6 publications

Field Triage of the Pulseless Trauma Patient

Field Triage of the Pulseless Trauma Patient

Health Situation and Risk of Occupational Infection Among Ambulance Service Workers

The infection prevention and control practices of the ambulance service

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