Viral infections: new and emerging

Khan, Muhammad Attique; Bass, Dorsey

doi:10.1097/mog.0b013e328333d7af

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Two vaccines against rotavirus are available since 2006, and vaccination has been routinely performed in some countries, including Brazil (25). The number of cases of gastroenteritis by rotavirus has decreased since the introduction of the vaccine, however researchers alert for the possible emergence of virus subtypes (25). The replacement of fluids and electrolytes is the only treatment successfully used for dehydration and diarrhoea; but specific treatment for rotavirus infection does not exist (25,38).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The RV is a non-enveloped virus with a double strand RNA segmented genome that allows segment changes among viruses, generating diversity (11). Two vaccines against rotavirus are available since 2006, and vaccination has been routinely performed in some countries, including Brazil (25). The number of cases of gastroenteritis by rotavirus has decreased since the introduction of the vaccine, however researchers alert for the possible emergence of virus subtypes (25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antiviral activity of the Lippia graveolens (Mexican oregano) essential oil and its main compound carvacrol against human and animal viruses

Pilau¹,

Alves²,

Weiblen³

et al. 2011

Braz. J. Microbiol.

127

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Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens) is a plant found in Mexico and Central America that is traditionally used as a medicinal herb. In the present study, we investigated the antiviral activity of the essential oil of Mexican oregano and its major component, carvacrol, against different human and animal viruses. The MTT test (3-4,5-dimethythiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) was conducted to determine the selectivity index (SI) of the essential oil, which was equal to 13.1, 7.4, 10.8, 9.7, and 7.2 for acyclovirresistant herpes simplex virus type 1 (ACVR-HHV-1), acyclovir-sensitive HHV-1, human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), bovine herpesvirus type 2 (BoHV-2), and bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), respectively. The human rotavirus (RV) and BoHV-1 and 5 were not inhibited by the essential oil. Carvacrol alone exhibited high antiviral activity against RV with a SI of 33, but it was less efficient than the oil for the other viruses. Thus, Mexican oregano oil and its main component, carvacrol, are able to inhibit different human and animal viruses in vitro. Specifically, the antiviral effects of Mexican oregano oil on ACVR-HHV-1 and HRSV and of carvacrol on RV justify more detailed studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral activity of the Lippia graveolens (Mexican oregano) essential oil and its main compound carvacrol against human and animal viruses

Pilau¹,

Alves²,

Weiblen³

et al. 2011

Braz. J. Microbiol.

127

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“…NoVs are the major cause of sporadic outbreaks of infectious gastroenteritis and occasionally lead to hospitalization . Outbreaks tend to be most common in closed populations, such as childcare centers and cruise ships, and tend to involve children past infancy as well as adults (Khan and Bass, 2010;. NoV are divided into five genogroups based on the phylogenetic analysis of the viral capsid (VP1) gene, and further subdivided into genetic clusters called genotypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and quantification of classic and emerging viruses by skimmed-milk flocculation and PCR in river water from two geographical areas

et al. 2013

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Available online xxx(HAdV) and JC polyomaviruses (JCPyV). Virus detection was based on nested and quantitative PCR assays. For KV and ASFLV, nested PCR assays were developed for the present study. The method applied for virus concentration in fresh water samples is a one-step procedure based on a skimmed-milk flocculation procedure described previously for seawater. Using spiked river water samples, inter-and intra-laboratory assays showed a viral recovery rate of about 50% (20e95%) for HAdV, JCPyV, NoV and RV with a coefficient of variation 50%. HAdV and JCPyV were detected in 100% (12/12) of the river samples from Barcelona and Rio de Janeiro. Moreover, NoV GGII was detected in 83% (5/6) and MCPyV in 50% (3/6) of the samples from Barcelona, whereas none of the other viruses tested were detected. NoV GGII was detected in 33% (2/6), KV in 33% (2/6), ASFLV in 17% (1/6) and MCPyV in 50% (3/6) of the samples from Rio de Janeiro, whereas KIPyV and WUPyV were not detected. RV were only analyzed in Rio de Janeiro and resulted positive in 67% (4/6) of the samples. The procedure applied here to river water represents a useful, straightforward and cost-effective method that could be applied in routine water quality testing. The results of the assays expand our understanding of the global distribution of the viral pathogens studied here and their persistence in the environment. ª

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“…5 Noroviruses are very stable in the environment and refractory to many common disinfectants, with only a few virions required to initiate virus infection. Therefore, norovirus outbreaks are hard to contain using routine sanitation, and even implementation of aggressive sanitary measures often fails to prevent subsequent norovirus outbreaks.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potent inhibition of norovirus by dipeptidyl α-hydroxyphosphonate transition state mimics

Mandadapu

Gunnam

Kankanamalage

et al. 2013

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters

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Viral infections: new and emerging

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Antiviral activity of the Lippia graveolens (Mexican oregano) essential oil and its main compound carvacrol against human and animal viruses

Antiviral activity of the Lippia graveolens (Mexican oregano) essential oil and its main compound carvacrol against human and animal viruses

Detection and quantification of classic and emerging viruses by skimmed-milk flocculation and PCR in river water from two geographical areas

Potent inhibition of norovirus by dipeptidyl α-hydroxyphosphonate transition state mimics

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