Viral Infections of Laboratory Mice

Nicklas, Werner; Bleich, André; Mähler, Michael

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-382008-2.00019-2

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 321 publications

(496 reference statements)

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“…Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) is present in mouse colonies worldwide (97). MHV infection of laboratory mice affects host physiology and compromises their value as research subjects (97).…”

Section: Diseases Caused By Animal Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) is present in mouse colonies worldwide (97). MHV infection of laboratory mice affects host physiology and compromises their value as research subjects (97). In contrast, fulminant hepatitis and chronic demyelination caused by MHV-3 and MHV-JHM, respectively, have served as useful models for human diseases (49).…”

Section: Diseases Caused By Animal Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Similarities and Dissimilarities of COVID-19 and Other Coronavirus Diseases

Fung

Liu

2021

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

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In less than two decades, three deadly zoonotic coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2, have emerged in humans, causing SARS, MERS, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), respectively. The current COVID-19 pandemic poses an unprecedented crisis in health care and social and economic development. It reinforces the cruel fact that CoVs are constantly evolving, possessing the genetic malleability to become highly pathogenic in humans. In this review, we start with an overview of CoV diseases and the molecular virology of CoVs, focusing on similarities and differences between SARS-CoV-2 and its highly pathogenic as well as low-pathogenic counterparts. We then discuss mechanisms underlying pathogenesis and virus-host interactions of SARS-CoV-2 and other CoVs, emphasizing the host immune response. Finally, we summarize strategies adopted for the prevention and treatment of CoV diseases and discuss approaches to develop effective antivirals and vaccines. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Microbiology, Volume 75 is September 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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“…Mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) is present in mouse colonies worldwide (97). MHV infection of laboratory mice affects host physiology and compromises their value as research subjects (97).…”

Section: Diseases Caused By Animal Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diseases Caused By Animal Coronavirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarities and Dissimilarities of COVID-19 and Other Coronavirus Diseases

Fung

Liu

2021

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

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“…Also, RT-PCR targeted to the M gene from infected tissue or feces is used to confirm active infection ( Besselsen et al, 2002 ; Percy and Barthold, 2008a , b ). Prophylactic treatment is centred in quarantine of positive colonies or even in their elimination and replacement ( Nicklas et al, 2012 ). Nowadays, the strict microbiology checks in laboratory colonies have allowed the controlling of the prevalence of this virus agent ( Pritchett-Corning et al, 2009 ).…”

Section: Relevant Coronaviruses In Veterinary Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and molecular aspects of veterinary coronaviruses

et al. 2021

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Coronaviruses are a large group of RNA viruses that infect a wide range of animal species. The replication strategy of coronaviruses involves recombination and mutation events that lead to the possibility of cross-species transmission. The high plasticity of the viral receptor due to a continuous modification of the host species habitat may be the cause of cross-species transmission that can turn into a threat to other species including the human population. The successive emergence of highly pathogenic coronaviruses such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2003, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in 2012, and the recent SARS-CoV-2 has incentivized a number of studies on the molecular basis of the coronavirus and its pathogenesis. The high degree of interrelatedness between humans and wild and domestic animals and the modification of animal habitats by human urbanization, has favored new viral spreads. Hence, knowledge on the main clinical signs of coronavirus infection in the different hosts and the distinctive molecular characteristics of each coronavirus is essential to prevent the emergence of new coronavirus diseases. The coronavirus infections routinely studied in veterinary medicine must be properly recognized and diagnosed not only to prevent animal disease but also to promote public health.

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“…Experimental intracerebral or intranasal infection serves as a model for poliomyelitis and induces demyelinating diseases. 3 Factors modifying infection outcomes include route of inoculation, host genotype, age as well as virus strain (see overview 3 ). For example, GDVII represents a highly virulent strain causing acute and severe infection of the CNS, whereas the original isolate, Theiler's original (TO), represents a group of strains with low virulence causing a persistent infection of the CNS in mice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that both hamsters at younger ages and laboratory rats are susceptible to intracerebral infections. 3 As a result of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses of cerebrospinal fluid from guinea pigs suffering from lameness, a 231 bp sequence was found. Further analysis revealed sequence homologies to the internal ribosomal entry site of the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), which is also a member of the genus Cardiovirus .…”

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Detection of antibodies against Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus GDVII strain in experimental guinea pigs

et al. 2016

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A disease affecting guinea pigs called 'guinea pig lameness' characterized by clinical signs of depression, lameness of limbs, flaccid paralysis, weight loss and death within a few weeks was first described by Römer in 1911. After a research group in our facility kept laboratory guinea pigs from two different origins together in one room, lameness was observed in two animals. Further investigations revealed a serological immune response against Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV; GDVII strain) in these animals. Histopathology of the lumbar spinal cord of these animals showed mononuclear cell infiltration and necrotic neurons in the anterior horn. Therefore, all guinea pigs from this contaminated animal unit, from other units in our facility, as well as from different European institutions and breeding centres were screened for antibodies directed against GDVII. Our investigations showed that approximately 80% of all guinea pigs from the contaminated animal unit were seropositive for GDVII, whereas animals from other separate units were completely negative. In addition, 43% of tested sera from the different European institutions and breeding centres contained antibodies against GDVII. The present data confirm that an unknown viral infection causes an immune response in experimental guinea pigs leading to seroconversion against GDVII and that guinea pigs from a commercial breeder are the source of the infection.

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Viral Infections of Laboratory Mice

Cited by 11 publications

References 321 publications

Similarities and Dissimilarities of COVID-19 and Other Coronavirus Diseases

Similarities and Dissimilarities of COVID-19 and Other Coronavirus Diseases

Clinical and molecular aspects of veterinary coronaviruses

Detection of antibodies against Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus GDVII strain in experimental guinea pigs

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