Viral Infections of Rabbits

Kerr, Peter J.; Donnelly, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/j.cvex.2013.02.002

Cited by 43 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 140 publications

(178 reference statements)

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“…Etiology Myxomatosis is caused by myxoma virus, a member of the family Poxviridae, genus Leporipoxvirus (Kerr and Donnelly, 2013;Spiesschaert et al, 2011).…”

Section: A Myxomatosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Affected animals also exhibit edema around the mouth, nose, anus, and genitals as well as progressive conjunctivitis with serous and mucopurulent secretions from the eyes and nose (Brabb and Di Giacomo, 2012;Kerr and Donnelly, 2013;Spiesschaert et al, 2011). Rabbits of the genus Oryctolagus are particularly susceptible and often develop a fatal disease characterized by mucinous skin lesions and tumors.…”

Section: Laboratory Animal Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pathology Histopathology shows these 'myxomas' to be composed of undifferentiated stellate mesenchymal cells embedded in a matrix of mucinous material and interspersed with capillaries and inflammatory cells (Brabb and Di Giacomo, 2012;Kerr and Donnelly, 2013).…”

Section: Laboratory Animal Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fibromatosis is endemic in wild rabbits; however, an outbreak in commercial rabbits caused extensive mortality (Joiner et al, 1971). The disease is probably spread by arthropods (Brabb and Di Giacomo, 2012;Kerr and Donnelly, 2013). The disease is probably spread by arthropods (Brabb and Di Giacomo, 2012;Kerr and Donnelly, 2013).…”

Section: B Rabbit (Shope) Fibroma Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Biology and Diseases of Rabbits

Nowland

Brammer

García

et al. 2015

Laboratory Animal Medicine

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“…Etiology Myxomatosis is caused by myxoma virus, a member of the family Poxviridae, genus Leporipoxvirus (Kerr and Donnelly, 2013;Spiesschaert et al, 2011).…”

Section: A Myxomatosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laboratory Animal Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laboratory Animal Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Rabbit (Shope) Fibroma Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biology and Diseases of Rabbits

Nowland

Brammer

García

et al. 2015

Laboratory Animal Medicine

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“…CTRs have been reported to exhibit greater resistance to myxoma and cottontail rabbit papilloma virus challenge, relative to NZWRs [339][340][341]. Recent genomic studies have highlighted differences in certain chemokine genes, such as CCL8, between CTRs and NZWRs [342], which may explain the difference in the susceptibility to viruses between the two species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of neuropathogenesis and control of an equine-pathogenic Australian West Nile virus isolate in an established CD1 Swiss white mouse and a novel rabbit model

Suen¹

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West Nile virus (WNV) is a globally significant mosquito-borne neurotropic virus. In 2011, a large-scale arboviral encephalitis outbreak occurred in Australia, involving close to 1000 horses. A virulent WNV strain, WNV NSW2011 , was isolated from the brain of an encephalitic horse during this outbreak. Preliminary assessment showed that this strain is intermediate in virulence and belongs in the same lineage as the highly virulent North American strains. However, the pathogenesis of WNV in general, let alone this novel Australian strain, remains largely unclear.The first part of the project aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of lethal WNV NSW2011 infection in the established young adult Swiss white (CD1) mouse model, since previous survival challenge experiments demonstrated high lethality (~70%) of WNV NSW2011 in this animal model. I conducted a pilot time-course experiment, which demonstrated only benign pathological and virological outcomes in sacrificed mice on day 3 and 7 post-infection (pi), despite the relatively high lethality seen in previous survival trials. In a subsequent experiment, I characterised the disease phenotype in moribund/dead and surviving mice after WNV NSW2011 infection. Notably, I detected a high degree of intra-group variability in the neuropathology, neural infection and glial cell activation. Even cases with neuroinvasion are typically not fatal, unless underlying co-morbidities or immunosuppressive disease exist.I chose rabbits as a candidate for a novel animal model, due to the ease of performing intra-vital sampling and monitoring, as well as the possibility for tissue sharing in different assays, given the larger size of rabbits than mice. Rabbits are also hind-gut fermenters, and thus may be a better representation of a horse than a mouse. New Zealand White (NZWRs; Oryctolagus cuniculus) and iii North American cottontail rabbits (CTRs; Sylvilagus sp.) were challenged with WNV strains of different virulence (WNV NSW2011 and WNV TX8667 ), and the prototype Murray Valley encephalitis virus strain (MVE 1-51 ), by the footpad route. The rabbits were consistently resistant to developing severe disease after virulent WNV and MVEV infection, regardless of age, gender and species, despite productive virus replication in the draining popliteal lymph node (PLN). The resultant viraemia for all rabbits was also of low magnitude and transient. Furthermore, establishment of virus infection in the brain was not a feature of the disease, despite mild to moderate neuropathology in a subset of rabbits. This capacity to control flavivirus infection may be explained by the rapid antiviral innate immune response detectable by day 3 pi, as well as a fast anti-WNV neutralising antibody response detectable from day 7 pi.Comparisons of the tissue-specific transcriptional profile of important cytokine and chemokine genes suggested that virus control in rabbits was achieved differently depending on the virus, as well as the rabbit species. However, common transcriptional upregulation of IFNγ in...

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Rabbits

DeCubellis¹,

Graham

2021

Exotic Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine

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Viral Infections of Rabbits

Cited by 43 publications

References 140 publications

Biology and Diseases of Rabbits

Biology and Diseases of Rabbits

Investigation of neuropathogenesis and control of an equine-pathogenic Australian West Nile virus isolate in an established CD1 Swiss white mouse and a novel rabbit model

Rabbits

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