Viral Shedding and Antibody Response in 37 Patients With Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection

Corman, Victor M.; Albarrak, Ali; Omrani, Ali S.; AlBarrak, Mohammed; Farah, Mohamed Elamin; Almasri, Malak; Muth, Doreen; Sieberg, Andrea; Meyer, Benjamin; Assiri, Abdullah M.; Binger, Tabea; Steinhagen, Katja; Lattwein, Erik; Al‐Tawfiq, Jaffar A.; Müller, Marcel A.; Drosten, Christian; Memish, Ziad A.

doi:10.1093/cid/civ951

Cited by 344 publications

(420 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Whether this viral RNA represented an extrapulmonary infection is not clear, since MERS-CoV neutralising antibody was detected in the serum at the same time in some patients. 49 Pathological changes in the lungs include evidence of focal haemorrhagic necrotising pneumonia with exudative diffuse alveolar damage, indistinguishable from findings detected in severe pneumonia caused by other viral agents.…”

Section: Pathogenesis and Pathologymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…57 T-cell and antibody responses were reliably detected 2-3 weeks after diagnosis, although they were detected earlier in some patients. 49,57 Studies of MERS survivors showed that MERS-CoV-specific antibody responses tended to be lower and transient in patients with mild or subclinical disease when compared with patients with severe disease, in whom MERS-CoV-specific antibody responses were detected for at least 2 years. [57][58][59][60] In contrast, T-cell responses were detected in all MERS survivors for at least 2 years.…”

Section: Protective and Deleterious Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Middle East respiratory syndrome

et al. 2020

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The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a lethal zoonotic pathogen that was first identified in humans in Saudi Arabia and Jordan in 2012. Intermittent sporadic cases, community clusters, and nosocomial outbreaks of MERS-CoV continue to occur. Between April 2012 and December 2019, 2499 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection, including 858 deaths (34·3% mortality) were reported from 27 countries to WHO, the majority of which were reported by Saudi Arabia (2106 cases, 780 deaths). Large outbreaks of human-to-human transmission have occurred, the largest in Riyadh and Jeddah in 2014 and in South Korea in 2015. MERS-CoV remains a high-threat pathogen identified by WHO as a priority pathogen because it causes severe disease that has a high mortality rate, epidemic potential, and no medical countermeasures. This Seminar provides an update on the current knowledge and perspectives on MERS epidemiology, virology, mode of transmission, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical features, management, infection control, development of new therapeutics and vaccines, and highlights unanswered questions and priorities for research, improved management, and prevention.

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Section: Pathogenesis and Pathologymentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Protective and Deleterious Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle East respiratory syndrome

et al. 2020

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“…Reasons for low sensitivity of PCR may include insensitive nucleic acid detection methods and variations in the accuracies of different tests, low initial viral load or improper clinical sampling [4]. An additional reason may be that lower respiratory samples may be better than upper respiratory samples, as is the cases with MERS-CoV [5] [6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on CT scan vs RT-PCR: reflecting on experience from MERS-CoV

Al‐Tawfiq

Memish

2020

Journal of Hospital Infection

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“…15 In addition to that, the virus has been easily isolated from samples of patients' lower respiratory tract (tracheal aspirates, sputum, or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid), and this shedding might occur for numerous weeks and exceed by load that from other routes of exit (stool, serum). 16 The incubation period for this disease ranges from two to sixteen days, with a mean of five to six days. Also, after studying the natural history of the disease, the communicability period has been established at 13 to 14 days after an individual becomes symptomatic.…”

Section: The Agentmentioning

confidence: 99%

MERS: an emerging disease of the 21st century

Bala

Chehab

Selim

2017

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Between September 2012 and March 2017, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), caused by an infection with the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV), has been responsible for 1,931 laboratory-confirmed cases and at least 741 related-deaths. Despite the paucity of knowledge on the source and route of transmission, the evidence currently points to dromedary camels. Moreover, the incubation period for this disease ranges from two to sixteen days. The symptomatology of MERS-CoV is non-specific and cases are easily misdiagnosed. As most respiratory illnesses, no specific anti-viral therapies have been effective to date for the treatment of MERS. Currently, the WHO does not advise any travel or trade restrictions regarding MERS-CoV. However, the poor practice of infection control has reflected the association between the healthcare setting and the spike of disease occurrence, especially among patients. Interestingly, the adoption of the “one health” approach is critical to establish a more holistic understanding of this epidemic. Additionally, implementing strategies aimed at risk reduction of animal-to-human transmission, rapid case finding, adequate infection control, and contact tracing are key in the control and prevention of MERS-CoV.

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Viral Shedding and Antibody Response in 37 Patients With Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection

Cited by 344 publications

References 34 publications

Middle East respiratory syndrome

Middle East respiratory syndrome

Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on CT scan vs RT-PCR: reflecting on experience from MERS-CoV

MERS: an emerging disease of the 21st century

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