2021
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85109-5
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Viral tropism and detection of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in feathers of ducks and geese

Abstract: Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza viruses (HPAIVs) display a tissue pantropism, which implies a possible spread in feathers. HPAIV detection from feathers had been evaluated for H5N1 or H7N1 HPAIVs. It was suggested that viral RNA loads could be equivalent or higher in samples of immature feather compared to tracheal (TS) or cloacal swabs (CS). We investigated the suitability of feathers for the detection of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N8 HPAIV in ducks and geese field samples. In the six H5N8 positive flocks that were i… Show more

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Cited by 17 publications
(18 citation statements)
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“…Moreover, most contact-restriction measures are aimed at preventing poultry from being infected by wildlife, even though it has been proven to be a minor introduction risk in previous HPAI epizooties 17 , 74 . Contact-restriction measures often do not consider the environmental transmission risk from poultry to wildlife, but waste water, feathers, dust and aerosols coming from thousands of infected birds on a farm can represent a massive contamination source for commensal wild birds living in the same environment 75 77 . After characterising what and how wild-domestic interactions occur and identifying a few species that could represent ecological bridges, it is necessary to assess whether these bridges are epidemiologically functional as well 78 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, most contact-restriction measures are aimed at preventing poultry from being infected by wildlife, even though it has been proven to be a minor introduction risk in previous HPAI epizooties 17 , 74 . Contact-restriction measures often do not consider the environmental transmission risk from poultry to wildlife, but waste water, feathers, dust and aerosols coming from thousands of infected birds on a farm can represent a massive contamination source for commensal wild birds living in the same environment 75 77 . After characterising what and how wild-domestic interactions occur and identifying a few species that could represent ecological bridges, it is necessary to assess whether these bridges are epidemiologically functional as well 78 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Here we have detected few migratory or partially migratory birds on farm visits which in turn underlines the potential bridge host role of sparrows ( 18 ). While contact restriction measures are generally focused on the protection of poultry they also need to take into account the risk of environmental transmission from poultry to wildlife, by sewage, feathers, dust and aerosols from that can represent a major source of contamination for synanthropic wild birds such as the house sparrow that could than contaminate non-resident visiting birds during direct or indirect contacts ( 44 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, we collected tracheal swab samples from 20 randomly selected birds in each house ( Appendix Table 1). We chose tracheal over cloacal swab samples because the typical respiratory shedding and tropism of HPAI H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4 viruses enables earlier detection in the respiratory tract than cloacae ( 12 , 13 ).…”
Section: The Studymentioning
confidence: 99%