Virologic study of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children admitted to the paediatric department of Blida University Hospital, Algeria

Derrar, Fawzi; Izri, K.; Kaddache, C.; Boukari, Rachida; Hannoun, Djohar

doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100536

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…However, 14.8% of strains remained un-typeable [80]. A similar pattern was observed in Algeria in 2010, in which Derar et al reported a higher prevalence of RSV B (82%) [81]. Nevertheless, in the RSV outbreak of 2013-2015 in Saudi Arabia, a similar pattern was observed Egypt and Iraq [82][83][84].…”

Section: Rsv Subgroup and Strains Circulating In The Mena Regionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Systematic Review of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Prevalence, Genotype Distribution, and Seasonality in Children from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region

et al. 2020

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the most common viruses to infect children worldwide and is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract illness (LRI) in infants. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review by collecting and reviewing all the published knowledge about the epidemiology of RSV in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Therefore, we systematically searched four databases; Embase, Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane databases from 2001 to 2019 to collect all the information related to the RSV prevalence, genotype distribution, and seasonality in children in MENA region. Our search strategy identified 598 studies, of which 83 met our inclusion criteria, which cover the past 19 years (2000–2019). Odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) were calculated to measure the association between RSV prevalence, gender, and age distribution. An overall prevalence of 24.4% (n = 17,106/69,981) of respiratory infections was recorded for RSV. The highest RSV prevalence was reported in Jordan (64%, during 2006–2007) and Israel (56%, 2005–2006). RSV A subgroup was more prevalent (62.9%; OR = 2.9, 95%CI = 2.64–3.13) than RSV B. RSV was most prevalent in children who were less than 12 months old (68.6%; OR = 4.7, 95%CI = 2.6–8.6) and was higher in males (59.6%; OR = 2.17, 95%CI = 1.2–3.8) than in female infants. Finally, the highest prevalence was recorded during winter seasons in all countries, except for Pakistan. RSV prevalence in the MENA region is comparable with the global one (24.4% vs. 22%). This first comprehensive report about RSV prevalence in the MENA region and our data should be important to guide vaccine introduction decisions and future evaluation.

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Section: Rsv Subgroup and Strains Circulating In The Mena Regionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Systematic Review of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Prevalence, Genotype Distribution, and Seasonality in Children from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region

et al. 2020

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“…The pathophysiology behind dual viral infections can explain some of the epidemiology of viral-viral co-infections seen at the population level. Given the high rates of RSV and rhinovirus infections, it makes sense that they are the most commonly identified viruses in co-infected patients across multiple studies [14,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. However, one study did conclude that the odds of rhinovirus detection were lower when RSV was present and the odds of rhinovirus were significantly higher in those patients who received RSV immunoprophylaxis [56].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Viral-viral Co-infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Virus Co-infection in Acute Respiratory Infections in Children

Meskill

O'Bryant

2020

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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Purpose of Review This investigation aims to understand the role and burden of viral co-infections for acute respiratory illnesses in children. Co-infection can be either viral-viral or viral-bacterial and with new technology there is more information on the role they play on the health of children.Recent Findings With the proliferation of multiplex PCR for rapid diagnosis of multiple viruses as well as innovations on identification of bacterial infections, research has been attempting to discover how these co-infections affect each other and the host. Studies are aiming to discern if the epidemiology of viruses seen at a population level is related to the interaction between different viruses on a host level. Studies are also attempting to discover the burden of morbidity and mortality of these viral-viral co-infections on the pediatric population. It is also becoming important to understand the interplay of certain viruses with specific bacteria and understanding the impact of viral-bacterial co-infections. Summary RSV continues to contribute to a large burden of disease for pediatric patients with acute respiratory illnesses. However, recent literature suggests that viral-viral co-infections do not add to this burden and might, in some cases, be protective of severe disease. Viral-bacterial co-infections, on the other hand, are most likely adding to the burden of morbidity in pediatric patients because of the synergistic way they can infect the nasopharyngeal space. Future research needs to focus on confirming these conclusions as it could affect hospital cohorting, role of molecular testing, and therapeutic interventions.

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“…ALRTI is still a significant cause of mortality in children below 5 years old and is responsible for 11% of deaths from all causes in this age group (4). In our study, mortality occurred in 1.7% of patients admitted to the hospital due to ALRTI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…Acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) presenting as pneumonia or acute bronchiolitis is the most frequent cause of hospitalization in infants below 2 years old worldwide (1)(2)(3). The etiology of ALRTI in infants may be either bacterial (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b, Mycoplasma pneumonia) or viral (respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus (HMPV), coronavirus or bocavirus) (4,5). Viruses cause the majority of these childhood respiratory infections and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries (5)(6)(7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ile Tespit Edilen Viral Akut Alt Solunum Yolu Enfeksiyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Polat¹,

Yücel²

2021

Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease

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Objective: Acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) is the most frequent cause of hospitalization in infantsyounger than 5 years. In the main, alveolar and bronchial infections are responsible for 90% of deaths from respiratory disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology, clinical findings, and treatment modalities of respiratory viruses detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Material and Methods: A total of 235 children between the age of 1 and 24 months who were hospitalized due to ALRTI between January 2014 and December 2018 and who had positive PCR results for respiratory viruses were included in the study. Demographics, clinical findings, laboratory tests, treatment modalities, need for the high-frequency nasal cannula (HFNC) or mechanical ventilation, length of hospital stay, and the requirement for treatment within a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) were recorded. Results: In total, 55.5% of the children were male with a mean age of 6.1±6 months. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was present in 106, rhinovirus in 35, influenza in 23, and other viruses in the remaining 71. There was a significant seasonal difference among the various etiologies. Fever was present in patients with influenza, multiple viral infections, adenovirus, and human metapneumovirus (HMPV). There was no significant difference in the physical examination among patients presenting with a pertussis-like cough, feeding difficulty, or lethargy. The white blood cell (WBC) count increased due to adenovirus and HMPV infection; however, differences in C-reaktif protein(CRP), mean platelet volume (MPV), and eosinophilia were not significant. There was no significant difference between the chest X-ray findings and medical treatment based on the viral etiology. Fifty-four patients were followed up in the PICU. Although influenza was only the third most common etiology, it was the most common cause of PICU admission. Conclusion: RSV continues to be an important viral etiology for hospitalization in children below 2 years old. Influenza was the most frequent virus requiring admission to the PICU. Widespread immunization against influenza has been related to the decline of the LRTI in children.

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Virologic study of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children admitted to the paediatric department of Blida University Hospital, Algeria

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Systematic Review of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Prevalence, Genotype Distribution, and Seasonality in Children from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region

Systematic Review of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Prevalence, Genotype Distribution, and Seasonality in Children from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region

Respiratory Virus Co-infection in Acute Respiratory Infections in Children

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ile Tespit Edilen Viral Akut Alt Solunum Yolu Enfeksiyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi

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