Virtual and augmented reality in the treatment of phantom limb pain: A literature review

Dunn, Justin; Yeo, Elizabeth; Moghaddampour, Parisah; Chau, Brian; Humbert, Sarah

doi:10.3233/nre-171447

Cited by 131 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The results show that the IVR intervention is more effective, with pain alleviation in these patients recording significant levels. These results are consistent with those in some of the studies supporting the effectiveness of this method, though the major criticism is that such results come from case studies or single-subject experiments [28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Immersive VR in Phantom Limb Pain Therapy of Amputee Patients Due to Critical Limb Ischemia

Zanfir

Georgescu²,

Turturica³

et al. 2017

Acta Medica Marisiensis

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Introduction: Phantom limb pain (PLP) occurs in approximately 75% of patients who undergo limb amputation. In identifying the etiopathogenic mechanisms, multidisciplinary approaches are increasingly important in explaining the causality based on neurological and psychological factors. PLP has many negative effects on the amputee's physical and mental integrity, which is why a variety of treatments have been conceived, whose effectiveness is rather limited. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an immersive virtual reality (IVR) intervention program using the mirror therapy principles in decreasing PLP. Method: Twenty participants suffering from PLP were randomly assigned to one of the two intervention groups: IVR and kinesiotherapy, respectively. Pre-and post-intervention measurements were performed both on pain level and on several psychological variables: depression and anxiety symptoms, pain catastrophizing, quality of life, body representation and coping strategies. Results: Preliminary data show a significant pain relief in patients in the IVR group compared to those in the kinesiotherapy group. Besides, significant improvement was found in the case of the patients in the IVR group, in terms of life quality improvement, reducing irrational pain catastrophizing-related thoughts and positive coping strategies (positive refocusing and reappraisal). There were no differences identified between the two groups in terms of anxiety and depression symptoms. Despite expectations, patients in the IVR group experienced a significant increase in one negative coping strategy: rumination. Conclusions: The results obtained are advocating the use of IVI intervention as a method phantom limb pain alleviation, with positive consequences on patients' life quality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Immersive VR in Phantom Limb Pain Therapy of Amputee Patients Due to Critical Limb Ischemia

Zanfir

Georgescu²,

Turturica³

et al. 2017

Acta Medica Marisiensis

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“…Augmented reality allows to merge the natural perception of real environment with computer-generated information, and it is considered an enabling technology of the fourth industrial revolution, aimed at aiding specific tasks as a tool in the manufacturing industry. Additionally, AR has proven to be a promising technology in healthcare as demonstrated by the increasing number of publications in medical training [50], surgery [51][52][53][54], and rehabilitation [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Augmented Reality Systems for Shoulder Rehabilitation

et al. 2019

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Literature shows an increasing interest for the development of augmented reality (AR) applications in several fields, including rehabilitation. Current studies show the need for new rehabilitation tools for upper extremity, since traditional interventions are less effective than in other body regions. This review aims at: Studying to what extent AR applications are used in shoulder rehabilitation, examining wearable/non-wearable technologies employed, and investigating the evidence supporting AR effectiveness. Nine AR systems were identified and analyzed in terms of: Tracking methods, visualization technologies, integrated feedback, rehabilitation setting, and clinical evaluation. Our findings show that all these systems utilize vision-based registration, mainly with wearable marker-based tracking, and spatial displays. No system uses head-mounted displays, and only one system (11%) integrates a wearable interface (for tactile feedback). Three systems (33%) provide only visual feedback; 66% present visual-audio feedback, and only 33% of these provide visual-audio feedback, 22% visual-audio with biofeedback, and 11% visual-audio with haptic feedback. Moreover, several systems (44%) are designed primarily for home settings. Three systems (33%) have been successfully evaluated in clinical trials with more than 10 patients, showing advantages over traditional rehabilitation methods. Further clinical studies are needed to generalize the obtained findings, supporting the effectiveness of the AR applications.

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“…In the 12 RCTs included, 5 trials compare standard mirror therapy to virtual mirror therapy [21–24, 78]. The others compare second-generation mirror therapy to conventional rehabilitation [6, 27, 51, 52, 58] or different modalities of computer-based mirror therapy [32, 40]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Robotics and Virtual Reality Add Real Progress to Mirror Therapy Rehabilitation? A Scoping Review

Darbois

Guillaud

Pinsault

2018

Rehabilitation Research and Practice

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Background Mirror therapy has been used in rehabilitation for multiple indications since the 1990s. Current evidence supports some of these indications, particularly for cerebrovascular accidents in adults and cerebral palsy in children. Since 2000s, computerized or robotic mirror therapy has been developed and marketed. Objectives To map the extent, nature, and rationale of research activity in robotic or computerized mirror therapy and the type of evidence available for any indication. To investigate the relevance of conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis on these therapies. Method Systematic scoping review. Searches were conducted (up to May 2018) in the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, Medline, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, and PsycINFO databases. References from identified studies were examined. Results In sum, 75 articles met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were publicly funded (57% of studies; n = 43), without disclosure of conflict of interest (59% of studies; n = 44). The main outcomes assessed were pain, satisfaction on the device, and body function and activity, mainly for stroke and amputees patients and healthy participants. Most design studies were case reports (67% of studies; n = 50), with only 12 randomized controlled trials with 5 comparing standard mirror therapy versus virtual mirror therapy, 5 comparing second-generation mirror therapy versus conventional rehabilitation, and 2 comparing other interventions. Conclusion Much of the research on second-generation mirror therapy is of very low quality. Evidence-based rationale to conduct such studies is missing. It is not relevant to recommend investment by rehabilitation professionals and institutions in such devices.

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Virtual and augmented reality in the treatment of phantom limb pain: A literature review

Cited by 131 publications

References 10 publications

Immersive VR in Phantom Limb Pain Therapy of Amputee Patients Due to Critical Limb Ischemia

Immersive VR in Phantom Limb Pain Therapy of Amputee Patients Due to Critical Limb Ischemia

Review of the Augmented Reality Systems for Shoulder Rehabilitation

Do Robotics and Virtual Reality Add Real Progress to Mirror Therapy Rehabilitation? A Scoping Review

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