Virtual Circuit Tree Multicasting: A Case for On-Chip Hardware Multicast Support

Jerger, Natalie Enright; Peh, Li-Shiuan; Lipasti, Mikko H.

doi:10.1109/isca.2008.12

Cited by 143 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In addition to these techniques, there has been significant recent research into adding hardware support for broadcasting to the on-chip network [21]- [23]. By propagating fewer messages and making intelligent decisions about where to replicate messages in the network, these optimizations reduce latency by lowering contention in the network; they can also save power relative to the multiple unicast approach.…”

Section: On-chip Network Support For Broadcastingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of broadcasting algorithms on the Intel Single-Chip Cloud Computer

Matienzo

Jerger

2013

2013 IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS)

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Abstract-Efficient broadcasting is essential for good performance on distributed or multiprocessor systems. Broadcasts are commonly used to implement message passing synchronization primitives, such as barriers, and also appear frequently in the set up stage of scientific applications. The Intel Single-Chip Cloud Computer (SCC), an experimental processor, uses synchronous message passing to facilitate communication between its 48 cores. RCCE, the SCC's message passing library, implements broadcasting in a traditional way: sending n−1 unicast messages, where n is the number of cores participating in the broadcast. This implementation can hinder performance as the number of cores participating in the broadcast increases and if the data being sent to each core is large. Also in the RCCE implementation, the broadcasting core is blocked from doing any useful work until all cores receive the broadcast. This paper explores several broadcasting schemes that take advantage of the resources of the SCC and the RCCE library. For example, we explore a scheme that propagates a broadcast to multiple cores in parallel and a scheme that parallelizes offchip memory accesses which would otherwise need to be done sequentially. Our best broadcast scheme achieves a 35× speedup over the RCCE implementation. We also demonstrate that our improved broadcasting substantially reduces the time spent on communication in some benchmarks. While the broadcast schemes presented in this paper are implemented specifically for the SCC, they provide insight into the more general problem of broadcast communication and could be adapted to other types of distributed and multiprocessor systems.

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Section: On-chip Network Support For Broadcastingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of broadcasting algorithms on the Intel Single-Chip Cloud Computer

Matienzo

Jerger

2013

2013 IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS)

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“…In multistage networks, the construction of multicast routes focuses on minimizing the interactions between concurrent multicast communications to increase network throughput [5,9]. Finally, research into multicast communications for mesh-like topologies such as the one in SpiNNaker is scarce [18,38]. The reason for this is that their main use is the implementation of collective operations, which can be easily and efficiently deployed in software over a point-to-point architecture [36].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Assessment of the Suitability of Multicast Communications for the SpiNNaker Neuromimetic System

Navaridas

Luj'n

Plana

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE 14th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communication &Amp; 2012 IEEE 9th International Confe

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Abstract-SpiNNaker is a custom-made architecture designed to model large-scale spiking neural nets. One of the most significant characteristics of neural nets is their extreme communication needs; each neuron propagates its activation to thousands of other neurons. This paper shows analytical proof that the novel multicast router in SpiNNaker is a better solution for simulating neural nets than more powerful point-to-point routers such as those found on datacentres or high performance computing systems, even when it has significantly lower requirements in terms of complexity, area and power. First, we characterised the utilization of resources required by both multicast and unicast networks. Then we derived the bandwidth needs of different communication architectures. Finally, we derived the amount of neurons the different networks can support. From these analyses we determined that the multicast communications adopted in SpiNNaker will be able to support the target application under the expected operation conditions.

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“…However, supporting multicast in NOCs has different requirements, because current NOCs have power and area constraints with high performance requirement. Most recent work on multicast routing in NOCs is Virtual Circuit Tree Multicasting [11] and bLBDR [17]. The work in [11] proposes an efficient multicast and broadcast mechanism.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most recent work on multicast routing in NOCs is Virtual Circuit Tree Multicasting [11] and bLBDR [17]. The work in [11] proposes an efficient multicast and broadcast mechanism. However, the main disadvantages of VCTM are threefold.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, cache coherence protocols heavily rely on multicast or broadcast communication characteristics to maintain ordering amongst requests [14] or to invalidate shared data spread on different caches using directory. Motivated by the importance of multicast and broadcast support, recent work proposed these functions in the design of the routers [11,17]. The key problem is to decide when and where to replicate multicast packets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recursive partitioning multicast: A bandwidth-efficient routing for Networks-on-Chip

Wang

Yan

Kim

et al. 2009

2009 3rd ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Networks-on-Chip

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Virtual Circuit Tree Multicasting: A Case for On-Chip Hardware Multicast Support

Cited by 143 publications

References 22 publications

Performance analysis of broadcasting algorithms on the Intel Single-Chip Cloud Computer

Performance analysis of broadcasting algorithms on the Intel Single-Chip Cloud Computer

Analytical Assessment of the Suitability of Multicast Communications for the SpiNNaker Neuromimetic System

Recursive partitioning multicast: A bandwidth-efficient routing for Networks-on-Chip

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