Virtual Environments for Dismounted Soldier Training and Performance: Results, Recommendations, and Issues.

Knerr, Bruce W.; Lampton, Donald R.; Singer, Michael J.; Witmer, Bob G.; Goldberg, Stephen L.

doi:10.21236/ada360109

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The results of these locomotion studies suggested that teleportation reduces the subject's spatial awareness, and researchers subsequently went out of their way to avoid it [22,23]. However, these early studies didn't examine the effect of different locomotion techniques on motion sickness, and even studies specifically focusing on the accessibility of VR for novice users seemingly overlooked the potential benefits of this simple approach [24].…”

Section: Teleportationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid, Continuous Movement Between Nodes as an Accessible Virtual Reality Locomotion Technique

Habgood

Moore

Wilson

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)

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The confounding effect of player locomotion on the vestibuloocular reflex is one of the principal causes of motion sickness in immersive virtual reality. Continuous motion is particularly problematic for stationary user configurations, and teleportation has become the prevailing approach for providing accessible locomotion. Unfortunately, teleportation can also increase disorientation and reduce a player's sense of presence within a VR environment. This paper presents an alternative locomotion technique designed to preserve accessibility while maintaining feelings of presence. This is a node-based navigation system which allows the player to move between predefined node positions using a rapid, continuous, linear motion. An evaluation was undertaken to compare this locomotion technique with commonly used, teleportation-based and continuous walking approaches. Thirty-six participants took part in a study which examined motion sickness and presence for each technique, while navigating around a virtual house using PlayStation VR. Contrary to intuition, we show that rapid movement speeds reduce players' feelings of motion sickness as compared to continuous movement at normal walking speeds.

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Section: Teleportationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid, Continuous Movement Between Nodes as an Accessible Virtual Reality Locomotion Technique

Habgood

Moore

Wilson

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)

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“…The system does a good job of minimizing the likelihood of causing simulator sickness (there is no noticeable lag between movements and their display on the screen, and the head-mounted display does not occupy all of the user's vision), but users still need to be trained to recognize the symptoms early so that they know to take a break before their symptoms escalate. Other recommendations for reducing the possibility of simulator sickness can be found in Knerr, et al (1998). A brief listing of these recommendations is shown in Table 3.…”

Section: Relative Usability Of the Desktop And Wearable Simulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 3. Recommendations for Reducing Simulator Sickness (Knerr, et al, 1998) • Participant's initial exposures to the virtual environment should be brief (10 -15 minutes) with breaks of 5 -10 minutes • Avoid rapidly slewing field-of-view, collisions, and viewing objects at very short distances.…”

Section: Relative Usability Of the Desktop And Wearable Simulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usability of Wearable and Desktop Game-Based Simulations: A Heuristic Evaluation

Barnett¹,

Taylor²

2010

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The use of simulators based on game software has the potential to deliver effective training. However, simulators with usability problems can interfere with training by presenting unwanted distractions. This report describes an assessment of the usability of a wearable computer system which has been designed to interface with a virtual environment and which can be used for simulator training. Usability of the wearable system was compared with that of a more common desktop interface in a game-based virtual environment. Eight evaluators conducted a heuristic usability evaluation of the wearable system and desktop interfaces. They identified 24 usability concerns with the wearable system and desktop interfaces, and the virtual environment. The majority of the concerns (46%) were with the virtual environment. Forty-two percent of the concerns were related to the wearable system, and the remaining 12% dealt with the desktop interface. However, when the frequency, impact, and persistence scores were aggregated into an overall score, the wearable system had the poorest usability. Eight of the ten greatest usability concerns were related to the wearable system. These data suggest that the virtual environment is more usable with the desktop interface than the wearable system. iii iv USABILITY OF WEARABLE AND DESKTOP GAME-BASED SIMULATIONS: A HEURISTIC EVALUATION EXECUTIVE SUMMARYResearch Requirement:The use of simulators driven by commercial game software has the potential to deliver effective training. However, how closely the simulator must model the real environment has been a perennial question. The answer often depends on the type of tasks to be simulated. Tasks using motor skills may require very realistic models, whereas tasks employing cognitive skills can be less realistic. Training developers often assume that a simulator which is more realistic will provide better training, but this is not necessarily the case. A simulator which has physical similarity with the real system might not have the functional fidelity necessary to improve student's performance with the real system.Many factors impact upon the training effectiveness of a simulator system, one of which is its usability. Simulators with good usability allow training time to focus on practicing skills to improve performance. Usability problems can interfere with training by shifting the focus from training objectives to the operation of the simulator technology.Commercial wearable computer systems are available which have been designed to interface with a virtual environment and can be used for simulator-based training. While wearable interfaces have great potential for training, at present there is little information available on whether the wearable interface would be an efficient and cost-effective training delivery method.One of the pieces of information which would help evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the wearable system is its usability, that is, how difficult is it to use compared to more common desktop interfaces. The research described in thi...

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“…A weighted scoring procedure is used to obtain the global score intended to reflect the overall discomfort, or Total Severity (TS), in addition to three subscales representing separable dimensions of simulator sickness (i.e., nausea, oculomotor disturbances, and disorientation). Score values were calculated using both the original unit weighting procedure as described by Kennedy et al (1992), and an un-weighted procedure used by Knerr et al (1998). The SSQ was administered to participants upon arrival, after each MR training session, and prior to departure from the experimental area.…”

Section: Questionnairesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training Wayfinding: Natural Movement in Mixed Reality

Savage¹

2007

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Virtual Environments for Dismounted Soldier Training and Performance: Results, Recommendations, and Issues.

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Rapid, Continuous Movement Between Nodes as an Accessible Virtual Reality Locomotion Technique

Rapid, Continuous Movement Between Nodes as an Accessible Virtual Reality Locomotion Technique

Usability of Wearable and Desktop Game-Based Simulations: A Heuristic Evaluation

Training Wayfinding: Natural Movement in Mixed Reality

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