Virtual ideals: The effect of video game play on male body image

Sylvia, Zeely; King, Teresa; Morse, Brendan J.

doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.029

Cited by 26 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…antisocial behavior (Peña, Hancock, & Merola, 2009;Yoon & Vargas, 2014), food choice (Fox, Bailenson, & Binney, 2009;Sah, Ratan, Sandy Tsai, Peng, & Sarinopoulos, 2016), physical exercise (Li, Lwin, & Jung, 2014;Peña, Khan, & Alexopoulos, 2016;Peña & Kim, 2014), racial bias (Aviles, 2017;Peck, Seinfeld, Aglioti, & Slater, 2013), body dissatisfaction (Fox, Bailenson, & Tricase, 2013;Sylvia, King, & Morse, 2014), financial risk-taking (Hershfield et al, 2011), consumer choices (Ahn & Bailenson, 2011), math performance (Lee, Nass, & Bailenson, 2014;Ratan & Sah, 2015), student engagement , and creative thinking (Buisine, Guegan, Barré, Segonds, & Aoussat, 2016;de Rooij, van der Land, & van Erp, 2017;Guegan, Buisine, Mantelet, Maranzana, & Segonds, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Although the Proteus effect may seem like a valid phenomenon given the broad array of contexts within which it has been tested and supported, these tests have not provided consistent evidence for the effect, with some studies unable to replicate the effect at all (Kaye, Pennington, & McCann, 2018;Sylvia et al, 2014) while others find medium-to-large effects sizes (Banakou, Groten, & Slater, 2013;Guegan et al, 2016). Hence, the present research aims to provide clarity about the reliability and size of the Proteus effect by offering the first meta-analysis of previous research on the phenomenon.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Avatar characteristics induce users’ behavioral conformity with small-to-medium effect sizes: a meta-analysis of the proteus effect

et al. 2019

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2019): Avatar characteristics induce users' behavioral conformity with small-to-medium effect sizes: a metaanalysis of the proteus effect, Media Psychology, ABSTRACTOver a decade of research on the Proteus effect in numerous contexts suggests that people conform in behavior and attitudes to their avatars' characteristics. In order to provide clarity about the reliability and size of the Proteus effect, a metaanalysis was conducted with 46 quantitative experimental studies in which avatars with specific characteristics were randomly assigned to participants. Results indicate a relatively consistent effect size (between .22 and .26, depending on subset of studies examined) and nearly all variance explained. Unexplained variance differed between studies that used behavioral or attitudinal measures, while studies which examined potential moderators explained all variance. Overall, this research suggests that the Proteus effect is a reliable phenomenon, with a small-but-approaching-medium effect size according to a traditional rule of thumb, but is relatively large compared to other digital media effects examined in previous meta analyses. ARTICLE HISTORY

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Avatar characteristics induce users’ behavioral conformity with small-to-medium effect sizes: a meta-analysis of the proteus effect

et al. 2019

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“…College-aged females and males reported lower body esteem after playing video games displaying muscular or thin characters, independent of BMI [118]. Men who played video games with exaggerated muscularity reported lower body satisfaction afterwards than a control group playing characters of average builds [120]. Interestingly, another study found that exposure to hyperideal video game bodies had a positive effect on women's body satisfaction and a negative effect on men's [119].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Predictors of One-Year Change in How Youth Perceive Their Weight

2020

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Overall, perceptions of being at “about the right weight” appear advantageous for youth physical and mental health, regardless of BMI classification, whereas perceptions at either extreme (overweight or underweight) may negatively impact health behaviours and mental health. Instead of considering weight misperceptions as problematic, some researchers have proposed that underestimations of weight status may offer resiliency among individuals with overweight or obesity. Promoting “about right” WPs and preventing change to overweight or underweight perceptions may offer an effective public health strategy for supporting youth health over time. However, limited prospective evidence exists on factors that shape perceptions of weight status over time. The current study examined modifiable predictors of one-year change in weight perception among youths. We used 2-year linked data of 18,112 grade 9–12 students from Year 3 (Y3:2014–2015) and Year 4 (Y4:2015–2016) of the COMPASS study. Generalized Estimating Equation models tested screen use, physical activity, and bullying victimization as predictors of change from perceptions of “about the right weight” to “overweight” or “underweight” perceptions, adjusting for Y3 covariates (body mass index, ethnicity, and grade) and school cluster. Results support the value of team sports among females and resistance exercise among males as protective against changes to overweight or underweight perceptions over one year. Also, various forms of bullying victimization predicted overweight perceptions in males and females. Watching TV/movies or messaging/texting for over 2 hours/day was associated with overweight and underweight perceptions, respectively, in females only. Playing video/computer games for over 2 hours/day was associated with overweight perceptions in males and underweight perceptions in females. Findings support the potential of bullying prevention, limiting certain screen use, and supporting engagement in team sports for females and resistance exercise for males as strategies to maintain perceptions of being at “about the right weight.”

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“…Today's media effects scholars tend to focus on new media, including Facebook's impact on young women's body image, 9 video games' impacts on men's body image, 10 and video games' impacts on men's health behaviors, 11 all but ignoring magazines' health impacts on readers. This is problematic given that today's magazine media report increases in readership and online ad revenue, with print revenue holding stable after a long slump during the economic recession of the late 2000s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Women’s Magazine Diet: Frames and Sources in Nutrition and Fitness Articles

Reynolds¹,

LoRusso²

2016

Journal of Magazine Media

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This content analysis quantifies messages in nutrition and fitness articles (N=423) published in high-circulation women's magazines (Cosmopolitan, Glamour, and Redbook) and women's health magazines (Self, Shape, and Women's Health) during 2011 and 2012. Chi-square tests reveal statistically significant differences in articles' frames and sources by magazine genre. Counter to previous findings, our study shows that nutrition and fitness articles are most often framed in terms of convenience/efficiency and physical health. They rarely emphasize weight loss or appearance. Women's health magazines, however, advocate for weight loss more often than women's titles. Both genres most frequently call on clinical and professional experts as sources, but women's health magazines more often cite academic research. Our study contributes to a recently sluggish body of literature on health content across magazine genres, and for the first time examines sourcing practices in nutrition and fitness magazine articles.

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Virtual ideals: The effect of video game play on male body image

Cited by 26 publications

References 39 publications

Avatar characteristics induce users’ behavioral conformity with small-to-medium effect sizes: a meta-analysis of the proteus effect

Avatar characteristics induce users’ behavioral conformity with small-to-medium effect sizes: a meta-analysis of the proteus effect

Predictors of One-Year Change in How Youth Perceive Their Weight

The Women’s Magazine Diet: Frames and Sources in Nutrition and Fitness Articles

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