Virtual reality treatment versus exposure in vivo: a comparative evaluation in acrophobia

Emmelkamp, P.M.G.; Krijn, Merel; Hulsbosch, An-Katrien; Vries, Simone de; Schuemie, Martijn J.; Mast, Charles A. P. G. van der

doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00023-7

Cited by 385 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Conversely, in vitro exposure can be difficult for people who are unable to imagine vividly, who avoid imagining their phobia-inducing situations, or who tend to overwhelm themselves with images. 8 Studies of virtual reality exposure (VRE) have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of anxiety disorders, such as social phobia, 9-13 fear of flying, 14,15 acrophobia, 16,17 arachnophobia, 18,19 and panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. 20,21 VRE has advantages over imagined or in vivo exposures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual reality exposure using three-dimensional images for the treatment of social phobia

Gebara

Barros-Neto

Gertsenchtein

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To test a potential treatment for social phobia, which provides exposure to phobia-inducing situations via computer-generated, three-dimensional images, using an open clinical trial design. Methods: Twenty-one patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of social phobia took part in the trial. Treatment consisted of up to 12 sessions of exposure to relevant images, each session lasting 50 minutes. Results: Improvements in social anxiety were seen in all scales and instruments used, including at follow-up 6 months after the end of treatment. The average number of sessions was seven, as the participants habituated rapidly to the process. Only one participant dropped out. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that exposure to computer-generated three-dimensional images is relatively inexpensive, leads to greater treatment adherence, and can reduce social anxiety. Further studies are needed to corroborate these findings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual reality exposure using three-dimensional images for the treatment of social phobia

Gebara

Barros-Neto

Gertsenchtein

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…This is problematic as the inability to engage in treatment predicts worse outcomes [24]. Encouragingly, research suggests that VR may facilitate emotional engagement by augmenting patients" imaginative capacities while circumventing the natural avoidance tendency of patients with PTSD through delivering sensory cues without requiring the patient actively imagine their traumatic memories [3,9].…”

Section: Vr In the Treatment Of Ptsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Simms

O’Donnell

Molyneaux

2009

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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“…For example, Emmelkamp et al [4] compared the responses of acrophobics randomly assigned to exposure treatment with VR and real stimuli. Subjects in the two conditions evidenced similar subjective ratings of anxiety.…”

Section: Elicitation Of Fear In the Laboratorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Affective Computer-Generated Stimulus Exposure: Psychophysiological Support for Increased Elicitation of Negative Emotions in High and Low Fear Subjects

Courtney

Dawson

Schell

et al. 2009

Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience

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Abstract. The present study examined physiological measures of affect when viewing images from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS), computer-generated still images, and computer-generated videos of feared and non-feared stimuli. Twenty low fear (LF) and twelve high fear (HF) individuals viewed static and moving images of spiders and snakes. In both LF and HF subjects, computer-generated video images elicited more intense affective responses than the IAPS images and the computer-generated stills. Computergenerated still images were as effective in eliciting fear responses as the IAPS. These results suggest that computer-generated images can be as or more effective as the IAPS in eliciting fear. Regardless of modality, HF subjects showed stronger physiological responses to their specifically feared stimulus (snake or spider) than to a non-feared stimulus.

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Virtual reality treatment versus exposure in vivo: a comparative evaluation in acrophobia

Cited by 385 publications

References 11 publications

Virtual reality exposure using three-dimensional images for the treatment of social phobia

Virtual reality exposure using three-dimensional images for the treatment of social phobia

The Use of Virtual Reality in the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Affective Computer-Generated Stimulus Exposure: Psychophysiological Support for Increased Elicitation of Negative Emotions in High and Low Fear Subjects

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