Virtual Synchronous Generator Using an Intelligent Controller for Virtual Inertia Estimation

Abstract

Virtual synchronous generators (VSGs) with inertia characteristics are generally adopted for the control of distributed generators (DGs) in order to mimic a synchronous generator. However, since the amount of virtual inertia in VSG control is usually constant and given by trial and error, the real power and frequency oscillations of a battery energy storage system (BESS) occurring under load variation result in the degradation of the control performance of the DG. Thus, in this study, a novel virtual inertia estimation methodology is proposed to estimate suitable values of virtual inertia for VSGs and to suppress the real power output and frequency oscillations of the DG under load variation. In addition, to improve the function of the proposed virtual inertia estimator and the transient responses of the real power output and frequency of the DG, an online-trained Petri probabilistic wavelet fuzzy neural network (PPWFNN) controller is proposed to replace the proportional integral (PI) controller. The network structure and the online learning algorithm using backpropagation (BP) of the proposed PPWFNN are represented in detail. Finally, on the basis of the experimental results, it can be concluded that superior performance in terms of real power output and frequency response under load variation can be achieved by using the proposed virtual inertia estimator and the intelligent PPWFNN controller.

Improved artificial jellyfish search algorithm: virtual synchronous generator control strategy

“…The effectiveness of the inverter control strategy based on VSG depends on the selection of performance parameters in the VSG (Chen, Zhou and Blaabjerg 2020). The method of using intelligent optimization algorithms to find the optimal combination of parameters can improve the VSG's control of the inverter to a certain extent (Tan et al 2022). However, this method requires high algorithm seeking capability.…”

“…Constant frequency and voltage control mean that the output frequency and voltage are kept constant, which is mainly used for inverter control in islanded operation mode. Constant power control and constant frequency and voltage control are only applicable to a single working condition, and the controlled inverter cannot well meet the requirements of the power system and cannot be used on a large scale (Tan et al 2022).…”

Microgrid Stability Improvement Using a Deep Neural Network Controller Based VSG

“…In [56], VSG control incorporates an extra power loop and an auxiliary inertia unit. In [57], a hybrid adaptive strategy is proposed to control the virtual inertia of VSGs. e suggested method can enhance primary frequency control (PFC) performance metrics while providing low frequency oscillation (LFO) damping.…”