Virucidal Efficacy of Different Oral Rinses Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

Abstract

The ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic creates a significant threat to global health. Recent studies suggested the significance of throat and salivary glands as major sites of virus replication and transmission during early COVID-19 thus advocating application of oral antiseptics. However, the antiviral efficacy of oral rinsing solutions against SARS-CoV-2 has not been examined. Here, we evaluated the virucidal activity of different available oral rinses against SARS-CoV-2 under conditions mimicking nasopharyngeal secretions. Several formulations with significant SARS-CoV-2 inactivating properties in vitro support the idea that oral rinsing might reduce the viral load of saliva and could thus lower the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Comparison of the in vitro-efficacy of different mouthwash solutions targeting SARS-CoV-2 based on the European Standard EN 14476

“…Data presented in this study for the two CHX-based mouthwashes (formulations A and B) are well in line with data published by Meister et al [10]. In their investigation of different mouthwashes targeting SARS-CoV-2 also only a limited efficacy (i.e.…”

“…al. [10] only limited virucidal activity of the formulation tested (i.e. < 1 log 10 ) was found, whereas in this study the tested octenidinedihydrochloride-based formulation (C) was found effective against SARS-CoV-2 within 15 sec (i.e.…”

“…This differing data can be explained by the use of two different octenidine-based formulations in the two studies. In the earlier study [10] a formulation containing octenidinedihydrochloride as the only active was used as compared to the OCT-based formulation (formulation C) used in this study which contained octenidinedihydrochloride in combination with phenoxyethanol. Furthermore this discrepancy indicates the value of pre-evaluating each individual formulation on the basis of EN 14476 when assessing the virucidal potential against SARS CoV-2.…”

Brief Report: The Virucidal Efficacy of Oral Rinse Components Against SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro

“…Two recent studies demonstrated that this approach can work in vitro under conditions that mimic nasal/oral passages. First, several formulations including dequalinium/benzalkonium chloride, PVP-I and ethanol/essential oils reduced SARS-CoV-2 infectivity in vitro by up to 3-log10 [3]. Second, infectivity of the closely related HCoV-229E coronavirus was reduced by 3-4-log10 using several agents including CPC, ethanol/essential oils and PVP-I [4].…”

In vitroassessment of the virucidal activity of four mouthwashes containing Cetylpyridinium Chloride, ethanol, zinc and a mix of enzyme and proteins against a human coronavirus

“…This lipid bilayer can be disrupted by agents through lipid solubilisation, membrane disruption or damage to the embedded glycoproteins 7 . A recent publication reported that several commercial antibacterial mouthwashes possessed virucidal effects against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, however, it is possible that other established anti-bacterial agents may have potential to inactivate enveloped viruses, including SARS-CoV-2 8 . In this paper we report the virucidal effect of four mouthwashes formulated with different anti-bacterial agents against a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate, Human Coronavirus Strain 229E, using a standard 'time to kill' suspension test and contact times appropriate to mouthwash use.…”