Virulence Analysis of<i>Bacillus cereus</i>Isolated after Death of Preterm Neonates, Nice, France, 2013

Lotte, Romain; Hérissé, Anne-Laure; Berrouane, Yasmina; Lotte, Laurène; Casagrande, F.; Landraud, Luce; Herbin, Sabine; Ramarao, Nalini; Boyer, Laurent; Ruimy, Raymond

doi:10.3201/eid2305.161788

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The underlying condition of the last one was unknown. Consistent with previous findings [ 14 , 18 ], our study confirms that the majority of patients were premature newborns, followed by elderly people. It is suspected that B .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…cereus induces local and systemic infections [ 5 – 13 ]. The main described conditions are septicemia, endophthalmitis, pneumonia, endocarditis, meningititis and encephalitis, especially in immunosuppressed individuals such as neonates, resulting in the patient death in about 10% of cases [ 9 , 14 – 19 ]. In addition, several cases of fulminant infections similar to anthrax, and affecting healthy persons, have also been reported [ 20 – 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacillus cereus, a serious cause of nosocomial infections: Epidemiologic and genetic survey

Glasset

Herbin²,

Granier³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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113

108

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Bacillus cereus is the 2nd most frequent bacterial agent responsible for food-borne outbreaks in France and the 3rd in Europe. In addition, local and systemic infections have been reported, mainly describing individual cases or single hospital setting. The real incidence of such infection is unknown and information on genetic and phenotypic characteristics of the incriminated strains is generally scarce. We performed an extensive study of B. cereus strains isolated from patients and hospital environments from nine hospitals during a 5-year study, giving an overview of the consequences, sources and pathogenic patterns of B. cereus clinical infections. We demonstrated the occurrence of several hospital-cross-contaminations. Identical B. cereus strains were recovered from different patients and hospital environments for up to 2 years. We also clearly revealed the occurrence of inter hospital contaminations by the same strain. These cases represent the first documented events of nosocomial epidemy by B. cereus responsible for intra and inter hospitals contaminations. Indeed, contamination of different patients with the same strain of B. cereus was so far never shown. In addition, we propose a scheme for the characterization of B. cereus based on biochemical properties and genetic identification and highlight that main genetic signatures may carry a high pathogenic potential. Moreover, the characterization of antibiotic resistance shows an acquired resistance phenotype for rifampicin. This may provide indication to adjust the antibiotic treatment and care of patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacillus cereus, a serious cause of nosocomial infections: Epidemiologic and genetic survey

Glasset

Herbin²,

Granier³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

Self Cite

113

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Refrigeration or freezing of pasteurized DHM should be strictly applied to control the growth of any remaining microorganism. Although a relative high number of B. cereus cells has been usually found in foodborne outbreaks, lower stomach acidity in preterms may allow a higher survival of cells (Stenfors Arnesen et al, 2008 ; Lotte et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Temperature Short-Time Pasteurization System for Donor Milk in a Human Milk Bank Setting

Escuder-Vieco

Espinosa-Martos²,

Rodríguez

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

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Donor milk is the best alternative for the feeding of preterm newborns when mother's own milk is unavailable. For safety reasons, it is usually pasteurized by the Holder method (62.5°C for 30 min). Holder pasteurization results in a microbiological safe product but impairs the activity of many biologically active compounds such as immunoglobulins, enzymes, cytokines, growth factors, hormones or oxidative stress markers. High-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization has been proposed as an alternative for a better preservation of some of the biological components of human milk although, at present, there is no equipment available to perform this treatment under the current conditions of a human milk bank. In this work, the specific needs of a human milk bank setting were considered to design an HTST equipment for the continuous and adaptable (time-temperature combination) processing of donor milk. Microbiological quality, activity of indicator enzymes and indices for thermal damage of milk were evaluated before and after HTST treatment of 14 batches of donor milk using different temperature and time combinations and compared to the results obtained after Holder pasteurization. The HTST system has accurate and simple operation, allows the pasteurization of variable amounts of donor milk and reduces processing time and labor force. HTST processing at 72°C for, at least, 10 s efficiently destroyed all vegetative forms of microorganisms present initially in raw donor milk although sporulated Bacillus sp. survived this treatment. Alkaline phosphatase was completely destroyed after HTST processing at 72 and 75°C, but γ-glutamil transpeptidase showed higher thermoresistance. Furosine concentrations in HTST-treated donor milk were lower than after Holder pasteurization and lactulose content for HTST-treated donor milk was below the detection limit of analytical method (10 mg/L). In conclusion, processing of donor milk at 72°C for at least 10 s in this HTST system allows to achieve the microbiological safety objectives established in the milk bank while having a lower impact regarding the heat damage of the milk.

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“…Several bacteria are considered unacceptable because they are usually pathogenic, such as Gram negative bacilli, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa , E. coli , Kliebsiella , Enterobacter , Serratia , Salmonella and Proteus , Group B streptococcus , and Staphylococcus aureus . Bacillus cereus is an environmental pathogen that is found in neonatal units and has been associated with severe sepsis in preterm infants . However, these studies did not find any reported cases of B. cereus infection related to human milk.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review concludes that specific recommendations are needed to harmonise the provision of fresh mother's milk to their preterm infants

Buffin

Gremmo-Féger

et al. 2018

Acta Paediatrica

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AimThere are no specific recommendations for using a mother's fresh milk for her preterm infant. We reviewed the available evidence on its collection, storage and administration.MethodsThe working group of the French Neonatal Society on fresh human milk use in preterm infants searched the MEDLINE database and Cochrane Library up to June 2017 for papers published in English or French. They specifically analysed 282 papers providing information on prospective, retrospective and clinical studies and examined guidelines from various countries.ResultsThe review concluded that fresh mother's own milk should be favoured in accordance with the latest recommendations. However, it must be carried out under stringent conditions so that the expected benefits are not offset by risks related to different practices. The working group has summarised the best conditions for feeding preterm infants with human milk, balancing high nutritional and immunological quality with adequate virological and bacteriological safety. Professionals must provide parents with the necessary conditions to establish breastfeeding, together with specific and strong support.ConclusionBased on their review, the working group has made specific recommendations for using fresh mother's own milk under careful conditions, so that the expected benefits are not offset by risks related to practices.

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Virulence Analysis ofBacillus cereusIsolated after Death of Preterm Neonates, Nice, France, 2013

Cited by 39 publications

References 13 publications

Bacillus cereus, a serious cause of nosocomial infections: Epidemiologic and genetic survey

Bacillus cereus, a serious cause of nosocomial infections: Epidemiologic and genetic survey

High-Temperature Short-Time Pasteurization System for Donor Milk in a Human Milk Bank Setting

Review concludes that specific recommendations are needed to harmonise the provision of fresh mother's milk to their preterm infants

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