Virulence, Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilm Production of Escherichia coli Isolates from Healthy Broiler Chickens in Western Algeria

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the virulence, antimicrobial resistance and biofilm production of Escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy broiler chickens in Western Algeria. E. coli strains (n = 18) were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption–ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Susceptibility to 10 antibiotics was determined by standard methods. Virulence and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes were detected by PCR. The biofilm production was evaluated by microplate assay. All the isolates were negative for the major virulence/toxin genes tested (rfbE, fliC, eaeA, stx1), except one was stx2-positive. However, all were resistant to at least three antibiotics. Ten strains were ESBL-positive. Seven carried the β-lactamase blaTEM gene only and two co-harbored blaTEM and blaCTX-M−1 genes. One carried the blaSHV gene. Among the seven strains harboring blaTEM only, six had putative enteroaggregative genes. Two contained irp2, two contained both irp2 and astA, one contained astA and another contained aggR, astA and irp2 genes. All isolates carrying ESBL genes were non-biofilm producers, except one weak producer. The ESBL-negative isolates were moderate biofilm producers and, among them, two harbored astA, two irp2, and one aggR, astA and irp2 genes. This study highlights the spread of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli strains from healthy broiler chickens in Western Algeria.

Chemical Characterization, Antibacterial Activity, and Embryo Acute Toxicity of Rhus coriaria L. Genotype from Sicily (Italy)

“…These results, showing the multi-resistance of the majority of the isolates, confirm previous studies that reported a high level of multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from poultry in Algeria [ 23 , 32 ]. The causes of this antibiotic resistance phenomenon are very different, and the important cause is the massive and inappropriate use of antibiotics.…”

“…Bacterial Strains Five Enterobacteriaceae isolates, four Escherichia coli, and one Klebsiella pneumonia were selected to carry out the study. The strains were isolated from poultry in the Regional Veterinary Laboratory of Mostaganem, Algeria, and identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), as previously reported [23]. E. coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 (American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, MD, USA) were also tested.…”

Antimicrobial resistance pattern of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli with detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing isolates in broilers in east Algeria

“…Messai et al [5] and Ibrahim et al [3] found high resistance to SXT at 82% and 95.50%, respectively. Resistance to CN, C, and NIT was higher than in Benameur et al [27], Halfaoui et al [19], Boutaiba Benklaouz et al [12], and Kazibwe et al [24]. The administration of these antibiotics is forbidden in veterinary medicine in Algeria.…”

“…Resistance to CN, C, and NIT was higher than in Benameur et al . [ 27 ], Halfaoui et al . [ 19 ], Boutaiba Benklaouz et al .…”

Real-World Data on Antibiotic Group Treatment in European Livestock: Drivers, Conditions, and Alternatives

“…On the European level, the effective implementation of different alternative measures in pig production, such as improvement of biosecurity, vaccination, improved feeding, and health care, has resulted in a significant reduction in AMU [ 61 ]. Adequate hygiene measures must be employed to alleviate underlying reasons of reoccurrence of avian pathogenic E. coli on poultry farms such as biofilm formation [ 62 , 63 ]. However, the implementation of alternatives in a hurdle system must be feasible for farmers, as they often require financial investments.…”