Virulence characteristics of oral treponemes in a murine model

Kesavalu, Lakshmyya; Walker, Stephen G.; Holt, Stanley C.; Crawley, R R; Ebersole, J. L.

doi:10.1128/iai.65.12.5096-5102.1997

Cited by 57 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 54 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Dentilisin activity degrades the extracellular matrix, which is formed of collagen IV, ¢bronectin, and laminin [20,38], and may play a key role in the invasion. T. denticola invaded the surrounding tissues in a mouse abscess model [39,40]. These ¢ndings support our hypothesis that dentilisin plays a role in the invasion of host tissues by hydrolyzing the surrounding substance.…”

Section: Cytotoxicitysupporting

confidence: 85%

Molecular pathogenesis of the cell surface proteins and lipids from Treponema denticola

Ishihara¹

1999

FEMS Microbiology Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Treponema denticola, frequently isolated from the human oral cavity, is thought to be a major pathogen of human periodontal disease. Recent developments in molecular analysis have clarified the surface structure of this microorganism and the characteristics of its pathogenic factors. Structural analysis of the outer sheath showed T. denticola to have a new type of outer membrane lipid. Limited exposure of the major outer sheath protein is suggested by electron-microscopic analysis. A protease-deficient mutant has revealed the roles of the protease in the organization of the outer sheath material and in T. denticola pathogenicity. The surface features that contribute to the pathogenicity of T. denticola in periodontal disease are gradually being elucidated, and are reviewed. ß

show abstract

Section: Cytotoxicitysupporting

confidence: 85%

Molecular pathogenesis of the cell surface proteins and lipids from Treponema denticola

Ishihara¹

1999

FEMS Microbiology Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Interestingly, there was no effect on abscess formation in mice. This would suggest that the trypsin-like protease activity of the oral treponemes differs from that found in Porphyromonas gingivalis and appears to have a negligible functional role in this measure of virulence in vivo (31).…”

Section: A Murine Model Of Virulence Characteristics Of Oral Treponemesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Note that neither heatkilled nor formalin-killed cells were capable of inducing lesions with characteristics similar to those induced by viable bacterial infection. T. vincentii produced abscesses that were significantly larger than those noted for other oral treponemes (31). It has been suggested that T. vincentii is associated with a more tissue-invasive disease affecting the periodontium and that this microorganism can be detected deep within the periodontal tissues (29).…”

Section: A Murine Model Of Virulence Characteristics Of Oral Treponemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomy and virulence of oral spirochetes

Chan

McLaughlin

2000

Oral Microbiology and Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

All oral spirochetes are classified in the genus Treponema. This genus is in the family Spirochaetaceae as in Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. Other generic members of the family include Spirochaeta, Cristispira and Borrelia. This conventional classification is in accord with phylogenetic analysis of the spirochetes based on 16S rRNA cataloguing. The oral spirochetes fall naturally within the grouping of Treponema. Only four species of Treponema have been cultivated and maintained reliably: Treponema denticola, Treponema pectinovorum, Treponema socranskii and Treponema vincentii. These species have valid names according to the rules of nomenclature except for Treponema vincentii, which only has had effective publication. The virulence factors of the oral spirochetes updated in this mini-review have been discussed within the following broad confines: adherence, cytotoxic effects, iron sequestration and locomotion. T. denticola has been shown to attach to human gingival fibroblasts, basement membrane proteins, as well as other substrates by specific attachment mechanisms. The binding of the spirochete to human gingival fibroblasts resulted in cytotoxicity and cell death due to enzymes and other proteins. Binding of the spirochete to erythrocytes was accompanied by agglutination and lysis. Hemolysis releases hemin, which is sequestered by an outer membrane sheath receptor protein of the spirochete. The ability to locomote through viscous environments enables spirochetes to migrate within gingival crevicular fluid and to penetrate sulcular epithelial linings and gingival connective tissue. The virulence factors of the oral spirochetes proven in vitro underscore the important role they play in the periodontal disease process. This role has been evaluated in vivo by use of a murine model.

show abstract

“…These capacities are attributed to its virulence factors, including its LPS (lipopolysaccharide) (Bainbridge et al, 2002) and gingipains (Curtis et al, 2001). The gingipains, in particular, are a group of cysteine protease enzymes, believed to be the major endopeptidases produced by the bacterium (Kesavalu et al, 1997), as they represent the majority of the outer surface protein on P. gingivalis W50 (Veith et al, 2002). These are mainly the Arg-X and the Lys-X gingipains (Curtis et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of protease‐activated receptor‐2 expression in gingival fibroblasts and Jurkat T cells by Porphyromonas gingivalis

Belibasakis

Bostancı

Reddi

2010

Cell Biology International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Periodontal disease destroys the tooth-supporting tissues as a result of chronic inflammation elicited by bacterial accumulation on tooth surfaces. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a major periodontal pathogen, with a significant capacity to perturb connective tissue homeostasis and immune responses in the periodontium, attributed to its virulence factors, including a group of secreted cysteine proteases (gingipains). PAR-2 (protease-activated receptor-2) is a G-protein-coupled receptor activated upon proteolytic cleavage, mediating intracellular signalling events related to infection and inflammation, such as cytokine production. GF (gingival fibroblasts) and T cells have central roles in periodontal inflammation, which can potentially be mediated by PAR-2. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of P. gingivalis on PAR-2 gene expression in human GF and Jurkat T cells, using quantitative real-time PCR, and to evaluate the involvement of gingipains. After 6 h of challenge with ascending concentrations of P. gingivalis, PAR-2 expression was up-regulated in both cell types by approximately 5-fold, compared with the control. The P. gingivalis concentration required for maximal PAR-2 induction was 4-fold greater in GF than Jurkat T cells. Heat inactivation or chemical inhibition of cysteine proteases abolished the capacity of P. gingivalis to induce PAR-2 expression in Jurkat T cells. In conclusion, P. gingivalis can induce PAR-2 expression in GF and Jurkat T cells, potentially attributed to its gingipains. These findings denote that P. gingivalis may perturb the host immune and inflammatory responses by enhancing PAR-2 expression, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.

show abstract

Virulence characteristics of oral treponemes in a murine model

Cited by 57 publications

References 54 publications

Molecular pathogenesis of the cell surface proteins and lipids from Treponema denticola

Molecular pathogenesis of the cell surface proteins and lipids from Treponema denticola

Taxonomy and virulence of oral spirochetes

Regulation of protease‐activated receptor‐2 expression in gingival fibroblasts and Jurkat T cells by Porphyromonas gingivalis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About