Virulence Factors of Uropathogenic E. coli and Their Interaction with the Host

Lüthje, Petra; Brauner, Annelie

doi:10.1016/bs.ampbs.2014.08.006

Cited by 139 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 225 publications

(243 reference statements)

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“…Colonization and invasion play important roles during APEC infection. Fimbriae are known to contribute to adhesion to, and invasion of, host cells by bacteria (Luthje and Brauner, 2014). Previous studies showed that mutations of virulence genes (including ibeA , as well as those encoding the type VI secretion system, and the BarA-UvrY two component system) lead to a defect in expression of type 1 fimbriae, which may account for the diminished adhesion, invasion, and virulence of APEC (Herren et al, 2006; de Pace et al, 2010; Wang et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Type III Secretion System 2 ATPase EivC Is Involved in the Motility and Virulence of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli

Wang

Liu

et al. 2016

Front. Microbiol.

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Type III secretion systems (T3SSs) are crucial for bacterial infections because they deliver effector proteins into host cells. The Escherichia coli type III secretion system 2 (ETT2) is present in the majority of E. coli strains, and although it is degenerate, ETT2 regulates bacterial virulence. An ATPase is essential for T3SS secretion, but the function of the ETT2 ATPase has not been demonstrated. Here, we show that EivC is homologous to the β subunit of F0F1 ATPases and it possesses ATPase activity. To investigate the effects of ETT2 ATPase EivC on the phenotype and virulence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), eivC mutant and complemented strains were constructed and characterized. Inactivation of eivC led to impaired flagella production and augmented fimbriae on the bacterial surface, and, consequently, reduced bacterial motility. In addition, the eivC mutant strain exhibited attenuated virulence in ducks, diminished serum resistance, reduced survival in macrophage cells and in ducks, upregulated fimbrial gene expression, and downregulated flagellar and virulence gene expression. The expression of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 were increased in HD-11 macrophages infected with the eivC mutant strain, compared with the wild-type strain. These virulence-related phenotypes were restored by genetic complementation. These findings demonstrate that ETT2 ATPase EivC is involved in the motility and pathogenicity of APEC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escherichia coli Type III Secretion System 2 ATPase EivC Is Involved in the Motility and Virulence of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli

Wang

Liu

et al. 2016

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Pathologic change can start with an interaction between the direct effects of the bacteria and counteraction of the host's immune response [11]. The severity and rapid progress of the disease can be decided, in part, by several factors, such as the site of infection, host immune responsiveness to pathogenic bacteria, and other physiological condition of UTI [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Group of Dr, afimbrial adhesin (AFA)-I, AFA-III, S, and nonfimbrial adhesin was X related adhesins. Among the adhesins reported thus far, P-pili have thought to be a major virulence factor in uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence Assay of UropathogenicEscherichia coliIn Vivo and In Vitro

Kim

Lee

2017

Urogenit Tract Infect

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Purpose: This study aims to investigate the specific pathogenic properties or virulent determinant characteristics of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) as bacterial adherence in tissue culture cells in vitro and the pathogenicity in animal model in vivo. Materials and Methods: Thirty strains of E. coli were isolated from urine of patients with acute pyelonephritis. Four cell lines-HeLa cells, HEp-2 cells, A-498 cells, and J-82 cells-were used for bacterial adherence assay. Histologic examination and scanning electron microscopy examination of pyelonephritis or cystitis, which was caused by E. coli, in mice was performed. Results: Sixteen (53.3%) strains of E. coli appeared to adhere to at least one or more kinds of four cell lines, and seven strains were able to adhere to all four cell lines. All of the tested E. coli strains were adhered to the mouse bladder and kidneys. The number of bacteria colonized in the kidney was greater than that of bladders in the following 5 strains of E. coli: TME104, TME107, TME113, TME306, and TME119. There was no difference in the number of bacteria colonized in the bladder and kidneys in the aspects of adherence patterns to tissue culture cells. Conclusions: Although there was no best choice cell lines in the adherence assay to identify the adherence patterns, combined assays of in vitro cell culture and in vivo model of mouse urinary tract infection appeared to be efficient methods to investigate the role of bacterial adherence in the pathogenesis of UPEC.

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“…FimH (Type 1 fimbriae), EcpA ( E. coli Common Pilus), CsgA protein (curli), PapGI, PapGII, and PapGIII variants (P fimbriae) are fimbrial adhesins that participate in UPEC adherence and colonize the bladder epithelium (Mulvey et al, 1998; Lane and Mobley, 2007; Cegelski et al, 2009; Saldaña et al, 2014). Iron uptake proteins (aerobactin, IutD), toxin protein (α-hemolysin, HlyA), type 1 secretion A (TosA), and surface glycan proteins (cellulose and BcsA) participate in UPEC pathogenesis (Gao et al, 2012; Kudinha et al, 2013; Engstrom et al, 2014; Lüthje and Brauner, 2014; Subashchandrabose and Mobley, 2015). UPEC clinical strains are associated with four main phylogenetic groups (A, B1, B2, and D) that are characterized by the existence of genetic markers, such as chuA, yjaA , and the DNA fragment TspE4.C2 (Lee et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Clinical Strains: Phylogenetic Groups Widely Associated with Integrons Maintain High Genetic Diversity

et al. 2016

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In recent years, an increase of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains with Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug-resistant (XDR) profiles that complicate therapy for urinary tract infections (UTIs) has been observed and has directly impacted costs and extended hospital stays. The aim of this study was to determine MDR- and XDR-UPEC clinical strains, their virulence genes, their phylogenetic groups and to ascertain their relationship with integrons and genetic diversity. From a collection of 500 UPEC strains, 103 were selected with MDR and XDR characteristics. MDR-UPEC strains were mainly associated with phylogenetic groups D (54.87%) and B2 (39.02%) with a high percentage (≥70%) of several fimbrial genes (ecpA, fimH, csgA, and papGII), an iron uptake gene (chuA), and a toxin gene (hlyA). In addition, a moderate frequency (40–70%) of other genes (iutD, tosA, and bcsA) was observed. XDR-UPEC strains were predominantly associated with phylogenetic groups B2 (47.61%) and D (42.85%), which grouped with ≥80 virulence genes, including ecpA, fimH, csgA, papGII, iutD, and chuA. A moderate frequency (40–70%) of the tosA and hlyA genes was observed. The class 1 and 2 integrons that were identified in the MDR- and XDR-UPEC strains were associated with phylogenetic groups D, B2, and A, while the XDR-UPEC strains that were associated with phylogenetic groups B2, D, and A showed an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype. The modifying enzymes (aadA1, aadB, aacC, ant1, dfrA1, dfrA17, and aadA4) that were identified in the variable region of class 1 and 2 integrons from the MDR strains showed resistance to gentamycin (56.25 and 66.66%, respectively) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (84.61 and 66.66%, respectively). The MDR- and XDR-UPEC strains were distributed into seven clusters and were closely related to phylogenic groups B2 and D. The diversity analysis by PFGE showed 42.68% of clones of MDR-UPEC and no clonal association in the XDR-UPEC strains. In conclusion, phylogenetic groups including virulence genes are widely associated with two integron classes (1 and 2) in MDR- and XDR-UPEC strains.

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Virulence Factors of Uropathogenic E. coli and Their Interaction with the Host

Cited by 139 publications

References 225 publications

Escherichia coli Type III Secretion System 2 ATPase EivC Is Involved in the Motility and Virulence of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli Type III Secretion System 2 ATPase EivC Is Involved in the Motility and Virulence of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli

Adherence Assay of UropathogenicEscherichia coliIn Vivo and In Vitro

Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Clinical Strains: Phylogenetic Groups Widely Associated with Integrons Maintain High Genetic Diversity

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