Virulence Gene Expression of Staphylococcus aureus in Human Skin

Cruz, Ana Rita; Strijp, Jos A. G. van; Bagnoli, Fábio; Manetti, Andrea G. O.

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.692023

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In our study, the influence of active factors such as RMF and TA on the expression level of regulatory ( agrA , hld , rot ) and SE ( sea , sec, sel ) genes’ expression as well as SE (SEA SEC, SEL) production was investigated. The expression of genes encoding S. aureus virulence factors can be regulated by several systems [ 47 ]. The primary metabolism gene expression depends on many factors, such as pH, atmosphere, cell growth phase, and density of bacterial populations [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory and Enterotoxin Gene Expression and Enterotoxins Production in Staphylococcus aureus FRI913 Cultures Exposed to a Rotating Magnetic Field and trans-Anethole

Kwiatkowski

Tabiś

Fijałkowski

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The study aimed to examine the influence of a rotating magnetic field (RMF) of two different frequencies (5 and 50 Hz) on the expression of regulatory (agrA, hld, rot) and staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE—sea, sec, sel) genes as well as the production of SEs (SEA, SEC, SEL) by the Staphylococcus aureus FRI913 strain cultured on a medium supplemented with a subinhibitory concentration of trans-anethole (TA). Furthermore, a theoretical model of interactions between the bacterial medium and bacterial cells exposed to RMF was proposed. Gene expression and SEs production were measured using quantitative real-time PCR and ELISA techniques, respectively. Based on the obtained results, it was found that there were no significant differences in the expression of regulatory and SE genes in bacteria simultaneously cultured on a medium supplemented with TA and exposed to RMF at the same time in comparison to the control (unexposed to TA and RMF). In contrast, when the bacteria were cultured on a medium supplemented with TA but were not exposed to RMF or when they were exposed to RMF of 50 Hz (but not to TA), a significant increase in agrA and sea transcripts as compared to the unexposed control was found. Moreover, the decreased level of sec transcripts in bacteria cultured without TA but exposed to RMF of 50 Hz was also revealed. In turn, a significant increase in SEA and decrease in SEC and SEL production was observed in bacteria cultured on a medium supplemented with TA and simultaneously exposed to RMFs. It can be concluded, that depending on SE and regulatory genes expression as well as production of SEs, the effect exerted by the RMF and TA may be positive (i.e., manifests as the increase in SEs and/or regulatory gene expression of SEs production) or negative (i.e., manifests as the reduction in both aforementioned features) or none.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory and Enterotoxin Gene Expression and Enterotoxins Production in Staphylococcus aureus FRI913 Cultures Exposed to a Rotating Magnetic Field and trans-Anethole

Kwiatkowski

Tabiś

Fijałkowski

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“… Transcriptional patterns in the nose and skin of S. aureus and S. epidermidis based on the following literature: 1 = ( Burian et al., 2010a ); 2 = ( Burian et al., 2010b ); 3 = ( Chaves-Moreno et al., 2016 ); 4 = ( Krismer et al., 2014 ); 5 = ( Teichmann et al., 2022 ); 6 = ( Burian et al., 2021 ); and 7 = ( Cruz et al., 2021 ). Genes upregulated were marked with a + (box with red background), while genes downregulated were marked with a – (box with green background).…”

Section: Nasal Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, to date, there are no gene expression analyses of S. aureus colonizing healthy human skin. However, some insights were gained using skin explant models ( Burian et al., 2021 ; Cruz et al., 2021 ). For S. epidermidis expression data from healthy skin are available ( Teichmann et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Skin Colonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…through metabolomics and the information used to establish adapted growth media to mimic in vivo conditions ( Krismer et al., 2014 ). Second, organoids or the use of explants are useful tools to unravel host-bacterial interactions ( Burian et al., 2021 ; Cruz et al., 2021 ). Third, analyses of gene expression in ex vivo samples can decipher which regulatory circuits are active and allow conclusions about the growth conditions encountered in vivo ( Burian et al., 2010b ; Chaves-Moreno et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptional adaptation of staphylococci during colonization of the authentic human environment: An overview of transcriptomic changes and their relationship to physiological conditions

Burian

Wolz²,

Yazdi³

2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Staphylococci are commensals of human skin and mucous membranes, but some species can also cause serious infections. Host niches during both colonization and infection differ greatly and are characterized by specific environmental conditions (pH, temperature, oxygen, nutrient availability, and microbiota) that can affect gene expression and virulence of microbes. To successfully occupy extremely different habitats at different anatomical sites, Staphylococci are equipped with a variety of regulatory elements that allow specific adaptation to the changing environments. Not surprisingly, gene expression in vivo can be significantly different from the expression pattern observed in vitro. Niche specific stimuli that influence the bacterial ability to either cause infection or maintain colonization are only partially understood. Here, we describe habitat specific conditions and discuss the available literature analyzing staphylococcal gene expression, focusing on Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis during colonization of the nose and skin.

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“… 9 , 10 Overreliance on animal models and an incomplete understanding of S. aureus pathogenesis during human infection may explain this failure. 11 Based on the failure of all vaccines, people are forced to seek new treatments for S. aureus infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NWMN2330 May Be Associated with the Virulence of Staphylococcus aureus by Increasing the Expression of hla and saeRS

Liu¹,

Wang²,

Yu³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Introduction Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause life-threatening bloodstream infections such as sepsis and endocarditis. In recent years, the emergence and increase of methicillin-resistant and multidrug-resistant S. aureus has posed a great challenge to the antibiotic treatment of infectious diseases. Anti-virulence strategies targeting virulence factors are an effective new therapy for the treatment of S. aureus infections. Results In this study, we constructed a NWMN2330 deletion mutant ( Newman-ΔNWMN2330 ) and a complement ( Newman-ΔNWMN2330-C ) of S. aureus Newman to study the role of NWMN2330 in the virulence of S. aureus . Through transcriptome sequencing, it was found that the expression of 224 genes in Newman-ΔNWMN2330 was significantly different (>2-fold) compared with S. aureus Newman, and these differentially expressed genes were related to multiple functions of S. aureus . And we found that NWMN2330 could positively regulate the expression of S. aureus hla gene. Therefore, the deletion mutant Newman-ΔNWMN2330 exhibited lower hemolytic activity and lower α-toxin production than Newman. Newman-ΔNWMN2330 also exhibited lower lethality and pathogenicity in worm survival experiments and nude mouse skin abscess model. RT-qPCR results showed that compared with the wild-type strain, the expression of saeRS and hla in Newman-ΔNWMN2330 strain was significantly reduced at the mRNA level, which preliminarily indicated that NWMN2330 promoted the expression of hla by up-regulating saeRS . Discussion In general, our results indicated that NWMN2330 may be associated with the virulence of Staphylococcus aureus by increasing the expression of hla and saeRS.

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Virulence Gene Expression of Staphylococcus aureus in Human Skin

Cited by 22 publications

References 50 publications

Regulatory and Enterotoxin Gene Expression and Enterotoxins Production in Staphylococcus aureus FRI913 Cultures Exposed to a Rotating Magnetic Field and trans-Anethole

Regulatory and Enterotoxin Gene Expression and Enterotoxins Production in Staphylococcus aureus FRI913 Cultures Exposed to a Rotating Magnetic Field and trans-Anethole

Transcriptional adaptation of staphylococci during colonization of the authentic human environment: An overview of transcriptomic changes and their relationship to physiological conditions

NWMN2330 May Be Associated with the Virulence of Staphylococcus aureus by Increasing the Expression of hla and saeRS

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