Virus Removal from Water by a Portable Water Treatment Device

Gerba, Charles P.; Naranjo, Jaime; Jones, Ellen L.

doi:10.1580/07-weme-br-109.1

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The MS2 coliphage has been recognized as a suitable surrogate for enteric viruses for water treatment processes 11 and point-of-use device testing. 12 The protozoan cyst group was represented by Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts spiked into the input water at concentrations of 5 × 10 6 /L. Microbiologic methods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Assessment of a Gravity-Fed Ultrafiltration Water Treatment Device Designed for Household Use in Low-Income Settings

Clasen¹,

Naranjo²,

Frauchiger³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Laboratory assessment of a gravity-fed ultrafiltration water treatment device designed for household use in low-income settings. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 80 (5 Abstract. Interventions to improve water quality, particularly when deployed at the household level, are an effective means of preventing endemic diarrheal disease, a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the developing world. We assessed the microbiologic performance of a novel water treatment device designed for household use in low-income settings. The device employs a backwashable hollow fiber ultrafiltration cartridge and is designed to mechanically remove enteric pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and protozoan cysts from drinking water without water pressure or electric power. In laboratory testing through 20,000 L (~110% of design life) at moderate turbidity (15 nephelometric turbidity unit [NTU] ), the device achieved log 10 reduction values of 6.9 for Escherichia coli , 4.7 for MS2 coliphage (proxy for enteric pathogenic viruses), and 3.6 for Cryptosporidium oocysts, thus exceeding levels established for microbiological water purifiers. With periodic cleaning and backwashing, the device produced treated water at an average rate of 143 mL/min (8.6 L/hour) (range 293 to 80 mL/min) over the course of the evaluation. If these results are validated in field trials, the deployment of the unit on a wide scale among vulnerable populations may make an important contribution to public health efforts to control intractable waterborne diseases.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Assessment of a Gravity-Fed Ultrafiltration Water Treatment Device Designed for Household Use in Low-Income Settings

Clasen¹,

Naranjo²,

Frauchiger³

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…The capture and recovery of SARS-CoV-2, PMMoV, and CrAssphage have been shown in deionized water and wastewater samples 38 , and RSV and influenza viruses have been detected using GAC in wastewater 40 . GAC has also been used as an adsorptive media for viral capture in drinking water point-of-use filtration devices, with a known capacity for removing enteric viruses upwards of 99.9% 59 . The results of our work align with these previous reports, showing measurable concentrations of both double-stranded (RV) and single-stranded (EnV, INFA, NV, and SARS-CoV-2) RNA viruses, in enveloped and non-enveloped form, as well as a non-enveloped double-stranded DNA virus (AdV).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced detection of viruses for improved water safety

Hayes,

Gouthro,

Fuller

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Human viruses pose a significant health risk in freshwater environments, but current monitoring methods are inadequate for detecting viral presence efficiently. We evaluated a novel passive in-situ concentration method using granular activated carbon (GAC). This study detected and quantified eight enteric and non-enteric, pathogenic viruses in a freshwater recreational lake in paired grab and GAC passive samples. The results found that GAC passive sampling had a higher detection rate for all viruses compared to grab samples, with adenovirus found to be the most prevalent virus, followed by respiratory syncytial virus, norovirus, enterovirus, influenza A, SARS-CoV-2, and rotavirus. GAC in-situ concentration allowed for the capture and recovery of viral gene copy targets that ranged from one to three orders of magnitude higher than conventional ex-situ concentration methods used in viral monitoring. This simple and affordable sampling method may have far-reaching implications for reducing barriers associated with viral monitoring across various environmental contexts.

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“…Activated carbon and ions adsorption methods have been use for the removal of pathogens and NOM (Gerba et al 2008;You et al 2005). Activated carbon is a porous material used in either powdered or granular form with a large surface and a high affinity for organic compounds (Gerba et al 2008;Huhn 1985). Powdered activated carbon (PAC) can be dosed as a slurry into the water and removed by subsequent filtration techniques.…”

Section: Adsorption Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospun Quaternized Chitosan Fibers for Virus Removal from Drinking Water

Mi¹

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Virus Removal from Water by a Portable Water Treatment Device

Abstract: The tested unit complied with the criteria guidelines for virus removal under the US Environmental Protection Agency's "Guide Standard and Protocol for Testing of Microbiological Water Purifiers."

Cited by 13 publications

References 15 publications

Laboratory Assessment of a Gravity-Fed Ultrafiltration Water Treatment Device Designed for Household Use in Low-Income Settings

Laboratory Assessment of a Gravity-Fed Ultrafiltration Water Treatment Device Designed for Household Use in Low-Income Settings

Enhanced detection of viruses for improved water safety

Electrospun Quaternized Chitosan Fibers for Virus Removal from Drinking Water

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